From 4d160b54aea0203f94b49e3534d768367dcc8ce4 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Holden Rohrer Date: Thu, 27 Jun 2019 09:47:44 -0400 Subject: new stuff --- notes/.DS_Store | Bin 6148 -> 6148 bytes notes/notes.aux | 13 +++ notes/notes.log | 320 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++------------------------ notes/notes.out | 13 +++ notes/notes.pdf | Bin 278816 -> 287473 bytes notes/notes.tex | 40 ++++++- notes/notes.toc | 13 +++ 7 files changed, 264 insertions(+), 135 deletions(-) (limited to 'notes') diff --git a/notes/.DS_Store b/notes/.DS_Store index b08b3f5..6508073 100644 Binary files a/notes/.DS_Store and b/notes/.DS_Store differ diff --git a/notes/notes.aux b/notes/notes.aux index 46f1752..b09570b 100644 --- a/notes/notes.aux +++ b/notes/notes.aux @@ -175,3 +175,16 @@ \@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {Lesson 5:}Limiting Reactant and Percent Yield}{36}{subsection.4.5}\protected@file@percent } \@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {subsubsection}{\numberline {Topic 5.1:}Limiting Reactants and Stoichiometry}{36}{subsubsection.4.5.1}\protected@file@percent } \@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {subsubsection}{\numberline {Topic 5.2:}Theoretical Yield and Percent Yield}{37}{subsubsection.4.5.2}\protected@file@percent } +\@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {section}{\numberline {Unit V:}Stoichiometry and the Gas Laws}{37}{section.5}\protected@file@percent } +\@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {Lesson 1:}Molar Masses}{37}{subsection.5.1}\protected@file@percent } +\@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {subsubsection}{\numberline {Topic 1.1:}Moles and Avogadro's Number}{37}{subsubsection.5.1.1}\protected@file@percent } +\@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {subsubsection}{\numberline {Topic 1.2:}Molar Mass and Average Atomic Mass}{37}{subsubsection.5.1.2}\protected@file@percent } +\@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {Lesson 2:}Introduction to Stoichiometry}{37}{subsection.5.2}\protected@file@percent } +\@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {subsubsection}{\numberline {Topic 2.1:}Stoichiometry and Ratios}{37}{subsubsection.5.2.1}\protected@file@percent } +\@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {Lesson 3:}Stoichiometric Calculations}{38}{subsection.5.3}\protected@file@percent } +\@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {subsubsection}{\numberline {Topic 3.1:}Molar Mass and Mass-to-Mole Ratio}{38}{subsubsection.5.3.1}\protected@file@percent } +\@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {subsubsection}{\numberline {Topic 3.2:}Interchemical Calculations}{38}{subsubsection.5.3.2}\protected@file@percent } +\@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {Lesson 4:}Gas Laws}{38}{subsection.5.4}\protected@file@percent } +\@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {subsubsection}{\numberline {Topic 4.1:}Boyle's Law}{38}{subsubsection.5.4.1}\protected@file@percent } +\@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {subsubsection}{\numberline {Topic 4.2:}Other Laws}{38}{subsubsection.5.4.2}\protected@file@percent } +\@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {subsubsection}{\numberline {Topic 4.3:}Partial Pressure}{38}{subsubsection.5.4.3}\protected@file@percent } diff --git a/notes/notes.log b/notes/notes.log index cafbf2e..1ec695c 100644 --- a/notes/notes.log +++ b/notes/notes.log @@ -1,4 +1,4 @@ -This is pdfTeX, Version 3.14159265-2.6-1.40.20 (TeX Live 2019) (preloaded format=pdflatex 2019.5.8) 20 JUN 2019 15:55 +This is pdfTeX, Version 3.14159265-2.6-1.40.20 (TeX Live 2019) (preloaded format=pdflatex 2019.5.8) 24 JUN 2019 17:25 entering extended mode restricted \write18 enabled. %&-line parsing enabled. @@ -284,22 +284,22 @@ number indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 38.00008pt text indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 32.00002pt number indent by parent (toc, 3): 92.47238pt text indent calculated (toc, 3): 53.05565pt -number indent calculated (toc, 3): 88.58348pt +number indent calculated (toc, 3): 92.47238pt number indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 38.00008pt text indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 32.00002pt number indent by parent (toc, 3): 92.47238pt text indent calculated (toc, 3): 53.05565pt -number indent calculated (toc, 3): 88.58348pt +number indent calculated (toc, 3): 92.47238pt number indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 38.00008pt text indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 32.00002pt number indent by parent (toc, 3): 92.47238pt text indent calculated (toc, 3): 53.05565pt -number indent calculated (toc, 3): 88.58348pt +number indent calculated (toc, 3): 92.47238pt number indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 38.00008pt text indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 32.00002pt number indent by parent (toc, 3): 92.47238pt text indent calculated (toc, 3): 53.05565pt -number indent calculated (toc, 3): 88.58348pt +number indent calculated (toc, 3): 92.47238pt number indent by \l@... (toc, 2): 15.00002pt text indent by \l@... (toc, 2): 23.00006pt number indent by parent (toc, 2): 42.2223pt @@ -309,22 +309,22 @@ number indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 38.00008pt text indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 32.00002pt number indent by parent (toc, 3): 92.47238pt text indent calculated (toc, 3): 53.05565pt -number indent calculated (toc, 3): 88.58348pt +number indent calculated (toc, 3): 92.47238pt number indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 38.00008pt text indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 32.00002pt number indent by parent (toc, 3): 92.47238pt text indent calculated (toc, 3): 53.05565pt -number indent calculated (toc, 3): 88.58348pt +number indent calculated (toc, 3): 92.47238pt number indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 38.00008pt text indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 32.00002pt number indent by parent (toc, 3): 92.47238pt text indent calculated (toc, 3): 53.05565pt -number indent calculated (toc, 3): 88.58348pt +number indent calculated (toc, 3): 92.47238pt number indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 38.00008pt text indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 32.00002pt number indent by parent (toc, 3): 92.47238pt text indent calculated (toc, 3): 53.05565pt -number indent calculated (toc, 3): 88.58348pt +number indent calculated (toc, 3): 92.47238pt number indent by \l@... (toc, 2): 15.00002pt text indent by \l@... (toc, 2): 23.00006pt number indent by parent (toc, 2): 42.2223pt @@ -334,17 +334,17 @@ number indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 38.00008pt text indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 32.00002pt number indent by parent (toc, 3): 92.47238pt text indent calculated (toc, 3): 53.05565pt -number indent calculated (toc, 3): 88.58348pt +number indent calculated (toc, 3): 92.47238pt number indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 38.00008pt text indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 32.00002pt number indent by parent (toc, 3): 92.47238pt text indent calculated (toc, 3): 53.05565pt -number indent calculated (toc, 3): 88.58348pt +number indent calculated (toc, 3): 92.47238pt number indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 38.00008pt text indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 32.00002pt number indent by parent (toc, 3): 92.47238pt text indent calculated (toc, 3): 53.05565pt -number indent calculated (toc, 3): 88.58348pt +number indent calculated (toc, 3): 92.47238pt number indent by \l@... (toc, 2): 15.00002pt text indent by \l@... (toc, 2): 23.00006pt number indent by parent (toc, 2): 42.2223pt @@ -354,27 +354,27 @@ number indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 38.00008pt text indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 32.00002pt number indent by parent (toc, 3): 92.47238pt text indent calculated (toc, 3): 53.05565pt -number indent calculated (toc, 3): 88.58348pt +number indent calculated (toc, 3): 92.47238pt number indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 38.00008pt text indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 32.00002pt number indent by parent (toc, 3): 92.47238pt text indent calculated (toc, 3): 53.05565pt -number indent calculated (toc, 3): 88.58348pt +number indent calculated (toc, 3): 92.47238pt number indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 38.00008pt text indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 32.00002pt number indent by parent (toc, 3): 92.47238pt text indent calculated (toc, 3): 53.05565pt -number indent calculated (toc, 3): 88.58348pt +number indent calculated (toc, 3): 92.47238pt number indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 38.00008pt text indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 32.00002pt number indent by parent (toc, 3): 92.47238pt text indent calculated (toc, 3): 53.05565pt -number indent calculated (toc, 3): 88.58348pt +number indent calculated (toc, 3): 92.47238pt number indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 38.00008pt text indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 32.00002pt number indent by parent (toc, 3): 92.47238pt text indent calculated (toc, 3): 53.05565pt -number indent calculated (toc, 3): 88.58348pt +number indent calculated (toc, 3): 92.47238pt number indent by \l@... (toc, 2): 15.00002pt text indent by \l@... (toc, 2): 23.00006pt number indent by parent (toc, 2): 42.2223pt @@ -384,22 +384,22 @@ number indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 38.00008pt text indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 32.00002pt number indent by parent (toc, 3): 92.47238pt text indent calculated (toc, 3): 53.05565pt -number indent calculated (toc, 3): 88.58348pt +number indent calculated (toc, 3): 92.47238pt number indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 38.00008pt text indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 32.00002pt number indent by parent (toc, 3): 92.47238pt text indent calculated (toc, 3): 53.05565pt -number indent calculated (toc, 3): 88.58348pt +number indent calculated (toc, 3): 92.47238pt number indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 38.00008pt text indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 32.00002pt number indent by parent (toc, 3): 92.47238pt text indent calculated (toc, 3): 53.05565pt -number indent calculated (toc, 3): 88.58348pt +number indent calculated (toc, 3): 92.47238pt number indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 38.00008pt text indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 32.00002pt number indent by parent (toc, 3): 92.47238pt text indent calculated (toc, 3): 53.05565pt -number indent calculated (toc, 3): 88.58348pt +number indent calculated (toc, 3): 92.47238pt number indent by \l@... (toc, 2): 15.00002pt text indent by \l@... (toc, 2): 23.00006pt number indent by parent (toc, 2): 42.2223pt @@ -409,17 +409,17 @@ number indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 38.00008pt text indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 32.00002pt number indent by parent (toc, 3): 92.47238pt text indent calculated (toc, 3): 53.05565pt -number indent calculated (toc, 3): 88.58348pt +number indent calculated (toc, 3): 92.47238pt number indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 38.00008pt text indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 32.00002pt number indent by parent (toc, 3): 92.47238pt text indent calculated (toc, 3): 53.05565pt -number indent calculated (toc, 3): 88.58348pt +number indent calculated (toc, 3): 92.47238pt number indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 38.00008pt text indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 32.00002pt number indent by parent (toc, 3): 92.47238pt text indent calculated (toc, 3): 53.05565pt -number indent calculated (toc, 3): 88.58348pt +number indent calculated (toc, 3): 92.47238pt number indent by \l@... (toc, 2): 15.00002pt text indent by \l@... (toc, 2): 23.00006pt number indent by parent (toc, 2): 42.2223pt @@ -429,7 +429,7 @@ number indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 38.00008pt text indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 32.00002pt number indent by parent (toc, 3): 92.47238pt text indent calculated (toc, 3): 53.05565pt -number indent calculated (toc, 3): 88.58348pt +number indent calculated (toc, 3): 92.47238pt [1 {/usr/local/texlive/2019/texmf-var/fonts/map/pdftex/updmap/pdftex.map}] @@ -437,27 +437,27 @@ number indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 38.00008pt text indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 32.00002pt number indent by parent (toc, 3): 92.47238pt text indent calculated (toc, 3): 53.05565pt -number indent calculated (toc, 3): 88.58348pt +number indent calculated (toc, 3): 92.47238pt number indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 38.00008pt text indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 32.00002pt number indent by parent (toc, 3): 92.47238pt text indent calculated (toc, 3): 53.05565pt -number indent calculated (toc, 3): 88.58348pt +number indent calculated (toc, 3): 92.47238pt number indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 38.00008pt text indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 32.00002pt number indent by parent (toc, 3): 92.47238pt text indent calculated (toc, 3): 53.05565pt -number indent calculated (toc, 3): 88.58348pt +number indent calculated (toc, 3): 92.47238pt number indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 38.00008pt text indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 32.00002pt number indent by parent (toc, 3): 92.47238pt text indent calculated (toc, 3): 53.05565pt -number indent calculated (toc, 3): 88.58348pt +number indent calculated (toc, 3): 92.47238pt number indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 38.00008pt text indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 32.00002pt number indent by parent (toc, 3): 92.47238pt text indent calculated (toc, 3): 53.05565pt -number indent calculated (toc, 3): 88.58348pt +number indent calculated (toc, 3): 92.47238pt number indent by \l@... (toc, 2): 15.00002pt text indent by \l@... (toc, 2): 23.00006pt number indent by parent (toc, 2): 42.2223pt @@ -467,32 +467,32 @@ number indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 38.00008pt text indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 32.00002pt number indent by parent (toc, 3): 92.47238pt text indent calculated (toc, 3): 53.05565pt -number indent calculated (toc, 3): 88.58348pt +number indent calculated (toc, 3): 92.47238pt number indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 38.00008pt text indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 32.00002pt number indent by parent (toc, 3): 92.47238pt text indent calculated (toc, 3): 53.05565pt -number indent calculated (toc, 3): 88.58348pt +number indent calculated (toc, 3): 92.47238pt number indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 38.00008pt text indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 32.00002pt number indent by parent (toc, 3): 92.47238pt text indent calculated (toc, 3): 53.05565pt -number indent calculated (toc, 3): 88.58348pt +number indent calculated (toc, 3): 92.47238pt number indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 38.00008pt text indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 32.00002pt number indent by parent (toc, 3): 92.47238pt text indent calculated (toc, 3): 53.05565pt -number indent calculated (toc, 3): 88.58348pt +number indent calculated (toc, 3): 92.47238pt number indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 38.00008pt text indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 32.00002pt number indent by parent (toc, 3): 92.47238pt text indent calculated (toc, 3): 53.05565pt -number indent calculated (toc, 3): 88.58348pt +number indent calculated (toc, 3): 92.47238pt number indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 38.00008pt text indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 32.00002pt number indent by parent (toc, 3): 92.47238pt text indent calculated (toc, 3): 53.05565pt -number indent calculated (toc, 3): 88.58348pt +number indent calculated (toc, 3): 92.47238pt number indent by \l@... (toc, 2): 15.00002pt text indent by \l@... (toc, 2): 23.00006pt number indent by parent (toc, 2): 42.2223pt @@ -502,17 +502,17 @@ number indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 38.00008pt text indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 32.00002pt number indent by parent (toc, 3): 92.47238pt text indent calculated (toc, 3): 53.05565pt -number indent calculated (toc, 3): 88.58348pt +number indent calculated (toc, 3): 92.47238pt number indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 38.00008pt text indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 32.00002pt number indent by parent (toc, 3): 92.47238pt text indent calculated (toc, 3): 53.05565pt -number indent calculated (toc, 3): 88.58348pt +number indent calculated (toc, 3): 92.47238pt number indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 38.00008pt text indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 32.00002pt number indent by parent (toc, 3): 92.47238pt text indent calculated (toc, 3): 53.05565pt -number indent calculated (toc, 3): 88.58348pt +number indent calculated (toc, 3): 92.47238pt number indent by \l@... (toc, 2): 15.00002pt text indent by \l@... (toc, 2): 23.00006pt number indent by parent (toc, 2): 42.2223pt @@ -522,32 +522,32 @@ number indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 38.00008pt text indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 32.00002pt number indent by parent (toc, 3): 92.47238pt text indent calculated (toc, 3): 53.05565pt -number indent calculated (toc, 3): 88.58348pt +number indent calculated (toc, 3): 92.47238pt number indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 38.00008pt text indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 32.00002pt number indent by parent (toc, 3): 92.47238pt text indent calculated (toc, 3): 53.05565pt -number indent calculated (toc, 3): 88.58348pt +number indent calculated (toc, 3): 92.47238pt number indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 38.00008pt text indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 32.00002pt number indent by parent (toc, 3): 92.47238pt text indent calculated (toc, 3): 53.05565pt -number indent calculated (toc, 3): 88.58348pt +number indent calculated (toc, 3): 92.47238pt number indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 38.00008pt text indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 32.00002pt number indent by parent (toc, 3): 92.47238pt text indent calculated (toc, 3): 53.05565pt -number indent calculated (toc, 3): 88.58348pt +number indent calculated (toc, 3): 92.47238pt number indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 38.00008pt text indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 32.00002pt number indent by parent (toc, 3): 92.47238pt text indent calculated (toc, 3): 53.05565pt -number indent calculated (toc, 3): 88.58348pt +number indent calculated (toc, 3): 92.47238pt number indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 38.00008pt text indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 32.00002pt number indent by parent (toc, 3): 92.47238pt text indent calculated (toc, 3): 53.05565pt -number indent calculated (toc, 3): 88.58348pt +number indent calculated (toc, 3): 92.47238pt number indent by \l@... (toc, 1): 0.0pt text indent by \l@... (toc, 1): 15.00002pt number indent by parent (toc, 1): 0.0pt @@ -562,12 +562,12 @@ number indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 38.00008pt text indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 32.00002pt number indent by parent (toc, 3): 92.47238pt text indent calculated (toc, 3): 53.05565pt -number indent calculated (toc, 3): 88.58348pt +number indent calculated (toc, 3): 92.47238pt number indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 38.00008pt text indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 32.00002pt number indent by parent (toc, 3): 92.47238pt text indent calculated (toc, 3): 53.05565pt -number indent calculated (toc, 3): 88.58348pt +number indent calculated (toc, 3): 92.47238pt number indent by \l@... (toc, 2): 15.00002pt text indent by \l@... (toc, 2): 23.00006pt number indent by parent (toc, 2): 42.2223pt @@ -577,27 +577,27 @@ number indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 38.00008pt text indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 32.00002pt number indent by parent (toc, 3): 92.47238pt text indent calculated (toc, 3): 53.05565pt -number indent calculated (toc, 3): 88.58348pt +number indent calculated (toc, 3): 92.47238pt number indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 38.00008pt text indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 32.00002pt number indent by parent (toc, 3): 92.47238pt text indent calculated (toc, 3): 53.05565pt -number indent calculated (toc, 3): 88.58348pt +number indent calculated (toc, 3): 92.47238pt number indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 38.00008pt text indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 32.00002pt number indent by parent (toc, 3): 92.47238pt text indent calculated (toc, 3): 53.05565pt -number indent calculated (toc, 3): 88.58348pt +number indent calculated (toc, 3): 92.47238pt number indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 38.00008pt text indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 32.00002pt number indent by parent (toc, 3): 92.47238pt text indent calculated (toc, 3): 53.05565pt -number indent calculated (toc, 3): 88.58348pt +number indent calculated (toc, 3): 92.47238pt number indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 38.00008pt text indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 32.00002pt number indent by parent (toc, 3): 92.47238pt text indent calculated (toc, 3): 53.05565pt -number indent calculated (toc, 3): 88.58348pt +number indent calculated (toc, 3): 92.47238pt number indent by \l@... (toc, 2): 15.00002pt text indent by \l@... (toc, 2): 23.00006pt number indent by parent (toc, 2): 42.2223pt @@ -607,17 +607,17 @@ number indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 38.00008pt text indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 32.00002pt number indent by parent (toc, 3): 92.47238pt text indent calculated (toc, 3): 53.05565pt -number indent calculated (toc, 3): 88.58348pt +number indent calculated (toc, 3): 92.47238pt number indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 38.00008pt text indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 32.00002pt number indent by parent (toc, 3): 92.47238pt text indent calculated (toc, 3): 53.05565pt -number indent calculated (toc, 3): 88.58348pt +number indent calculated (toc, 3): 92.47238pt number indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 38.00008pt text indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 32.00002pt number indent by parent (toc, 3): 92.47238pt text indent calculated (toc, 3): 53.05565pt -number indent calculated (toc, 3): 88.58348pt +number indent calculated (toc, 3): 92.47238pt number indent by \l@... (toc, 2): 15.00002pt text indent by \l@... (toc, 2): 23.00006pt number indent by parent (toc, 2): 42.2223pt @@ -627,12 +627,12 @@ number indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 38.00008pt text indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 32.00002pt number indent by parent (toc, 3): 92.47238pt text indent calculated (toc, 3): 53.05565pt -number indent calculated (toc, 3): 88.58348pt +number indent calculated (toc, 3): 92.47238pt number indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 38.00008pt text indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 32.00002pt number indent by parent (toc, 3): 92.47238pt text indent calculated (toc, 3): 53.05565pt -number indent calculated (toc, 3): 88.58348pt +number indent calculated (toc, 3): 92.47238pt number indent by \l@... (toc, 2): 15.00002pt text indent by \l@... (toc, 2): 23.00006pt number indent by parent (toc, 2): 42.2223pt @@ -642,28 +642,28 @@ number indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 38.00008pt text indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 32.00002pt number indent by parent (toc, 3): 92.47238pt text indent calculated (toc, 3): 53.05565pt -number indent calculated (toc, 3): 88.58348pt +number indent calculated (toc, 3): 92.47238pt number indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 38.00008pt text indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 32.00002pt number indent by parent (toc, 3): 92.47238pt text indent calculated (toc, 3): 53.05565pt -number indent calculated (toc, 3): 88.58348pt +number indent calculated (toc, 3): 92.47238pt number indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 38.00008pt text indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 32.00002pt number indent by parent (toc, 3): 92.47238pt text indent calculated (toc, 3): 53.05565pt -number indent calculated (toc, 3): 88.58348pt +number indent calculated (toc, 3): 92.47238pt [2] number indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 38.00008pt text indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 32.00002pt number indent by parent (toc, 3): 92.47238pt text indent calculated (toc, 3): 53.05565pt -number indent calculated (toc, 3): 88.58348pt +number indent calculated (toc, 3): 92.47238pt number indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 38.00008pt text indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 32.00002pt number indent by parent (toc, 3): 92.47238pt text indent calculated (toc, 3): 53.05565pt -number indent calculated (toc, 3): 88.58348pt +number indent calculated (toc, 3): 92.47238pt number indent by \l@... (toc, 1): 0.0pt text indent by \l@... (toc, 1): 15.00002pt number indent by parent (toc, 1): 0.0pt @@ -678,27 +678,27 @@ number indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 38.00008pt text indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 32.00002pt number indent by parent (toc, 3): 92.47238pt text indent calculated (toc, 3): 53.05565pt -number indent calculated (toc, 3): 88.58348pt +number indent calculated (toc, 3): 92.47238pt number indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 38.00008pt text indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 32.00002pt number indent by parent (toc, 3): 92.47238pt text indent calculated (toc, 3): 53.05565pt -number indent calculated (toc, 3): 88.58348pt +number indent calculated (toc, 3): 92.47238pt number indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 38.00008pt text indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 32.00002pt number indent by parent (toc, 3): 92.47238pt text indent calculated (toc, 3): 53.05565pt -number indent calculated (toc, 3): 88.58348pt +number indent calculated (toc, 3): 92.47238pt number indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 38.00008pt text indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 32.00002pt number indent by parent (toc, 3): 92.47238pt text indent calculated (toc, 3): 53.05565pt -number indent calculated (toc, 3): 88.58348pt +number indent calculated (toc, 3): 92.47238pt number indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 38.00008pt text indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 32.00002pt number indent by parent (toc, 3): 92.47238pt text indent calculated (toc, 3): 53.05565pt -number indent calculated (toc, 3): 88.58348pt +number indent calculated (toc, 3): 92.47238pt number indent by \l@... (toc, 2): 15.00002pt text indent by \l@... (toc, 2): 23.00006pt number indent by parent (toc, 2): 42.2223pt @@ -708,37 +708,37 @@ number indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 38.00008pt text indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 32.00002pt number indent by parent (toc, 3): 92.47238pt text indent calculated (toc, 3): 53.05565pt -number indent calculated (toc, 3): 88.58348pt +number indent calculated (toc, 3): 92.47238pt number indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 38.00008pt text indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 32.00002pt number indent by parent (toc, 3): 92.47238pt text indent calculated (toc, 3): 53.05565pt -number indent calculated (toc, 3): 88.58348pt +number indent calculated (toc, 3): 92.47238pt number indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 38.00008pt text indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 32.00002pt number indent by parent (toc, 3): 92.47238pt text indent calculated (toc, 3): 53.05565pt -number indent calculated (toc, 3): 88.58348pt +number indent calculated (toc, 3): 92.47238pt number indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 38.00008pt text indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 32.00002pt number indent by parent (toc, 3): 92.47238pt text indent calculated (toc, 3): 53.05565pt -number indent calculated (toc, 3): 88.58348pt +number indent calculated (toc, 3): 92.47238pt number indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 38.00008pt text indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 32.00002pt number indent by parent (toc, 3): 92.47238pt text indent calculated (toc, 3): 53.05565pt -number indent calculated (toc, 3): 88.58348pt +number indent calculated (toc, 3): 92.47238pt number indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 38.00008pt text indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 32.00002pt number indent by parent (toc, 3): 92.47238pt text indent calculated (toc, 3): 53.05565pt -number indent calculated (toc, 3): 88.58348pt +number indent calculated (toc, 3): 92.47238pt number indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 38.00008pt text indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 32.00002pt number indent by parent (toc, 3): 92.47238pt text indent calculated (toc, 3): 53.05565pt -number indent calculated (toc, 3): 88.58348pt +number indent calculated (toc, 3): 92.47238pt number indent by \l@... (toc, 2): 15.00002pt text indent by \l@... (toc, 2): 23.00006pt number indent by parent (toc, 2): 42.2223pt @@ -748,22 +748,22 @@ number indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 38.00008pt text indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 32.00002pt number indent by parent (toc, 3): 92.47238pt text indent calculated (toc, 3): 53.05565pt -number indent calculated (toc, 3): 88.58348pt +number indent calculated (toc, 3): 92.47238pt number indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 38.00008pt text indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 32.00002pt number indent by parent (toc, 3): 92.47238pt text indent calculated (toc, 3): 53.05565pt -number indent calculated (toc, 3): 88.58348pt +number indent calculated (toc, 3): 92.47238pt number indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 38.00008pt text indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 32.00002pt number indent by parent (toc, 3): 92.47238pt text indent calculated (toc, 3): 53.05565pt -number indent calculated (toc, 3): 88.58348pt +number indent calculated (toc, 3): 92.47238pt number indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 38.00008pt text indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 32.00002pt number indent by parent (toc, 3): 92.47238pt text indent calculated (toc, 3): 53.05565pt -number indent calculated (toc, 3): 88.58348pt +number indent calculated (toc, 3): 92.47238pt number indent by \l@... (toc, 2): 15.00002pt text indent by \l@... (toc, 2): 23.00006pt number indent by parent (toc, 2): 42.2223pt @@ -773,22 +773,22 @@ number indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 38.00008pt text indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 32.00002pt number indent by parent (toc, 3): 92.47238pt text indent calculated (toc, 3): 53.05565pt -number indent calculated (toc, 3): 88.58348pt +number indent calculated (toc, 3): 92.47238pt number indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 38.00008pt text indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 32.00002pt number indent by parent (toc, 3): 92.47238pt text indent calculated (toc, 3): 53.05565pt -number indent calculated (toc, 3): 88.58348pt +number indent calculated (toc, 3): 92.47238pt number indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 38.00008pt text indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 32.00002pt number indent by parent (toc, 3): 92.47238pt text indent calculated (toc, 3): 53.05565pt -number indent calculated (toc, 3): 88.58348pt +number indent calculated (toc, 3): 92.47238pt number indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 38.00008pt text indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 32.00002pt number indent by parent (toc, 3): 92.47238pt text indent calculated (toc, 3): 53.05565pt -number indent calculated (toc, 3): 88.58348pt +number indent calculated (toc, 3): 92.47238pt number indent by \l@... (toc, 2): 15.00002pt text indent by \l@... (toc, 2): 23.00006pt number indent by parent (toc, 2): 42.2223pt @@ -798,22 +798,22 @@ number indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 38.00008pt text indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 32.00002pt number indent by parent (toc, 3): 92.47238pt text indent calculated (toc, 3): 53.05565pt -number indent calculated (toc, 3): 88.58348pt +number indent calculated (toc, 3): 92.47238pt number indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 38.00008pt text indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 32.00002pt number indent by parent (toc, 3): 92.47238pt text indent calculated (toc, 3): 53.05565pt -number indent calculated (toc, 3): 88.58348pt +number indent calculated (toc, 3): 92.47238pt number indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 38.00008pt text indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 32.00002pt number indent by parent (toc, 3): 92.47238pt text indent calculated (toc, 3): 53.05565pt -number indent calculated (toc, 3): 88.58348pt +number indent calculated (toc, 3): 92.47238pt number indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 38.00008pt text indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 32.00002pt number indent by parent (toc, 3): 92.47238pt text indent calculated (toc, 3): 53.05565pt -number indent calculated (toc, 3): 88.58348pt +number indent calculated (toc, 3): 92.47238pt number indent by \l@... (toc, 2): 15.00002pt text indent by \l@... (toc, 2): 23.00006pt number indent by parent (toc, 2): 42.2223pt @@ -823,17 +823,17 @@ number indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 38.00008pt text indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 32.00002pt number indent by parent (toc, 3): 92.47238pt text indent calculated (toc, 3): 53.05565pt -number indent calculated (toc, 3): 88.58348pt +number indent calculated (toc, 3): 92.47238pt number indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 38.00008pt text indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 32.00002pt number indent by parent (toc, 3): 92.47238pt text indent calculated (toc, 3): 53.05565pt -number indent calculated (toc, 3): 88.58348pt +number indent calculated (toc, 3): 92.47238pt number indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 38.00008pt text indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 32.00002pt number indent by parent (toc, 3): 92.47238pt text indent calculated (toc, 3): 53.05565pt -number indent calculated (toc, 3): 88.58348pt +number indent calculated (toc, 3): 92.47238pt number indent by \l@... (toc, 2): 15.00002pt text indent by \l@... (toc, 2): 23.00006pt number indent by parent (toc, 2): 42.2223pt @@ -843,12 +843,12 @@ number indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 38.00008pt text indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 32.00002pt number indent by parent (toc, 3): 92.47238pt text indent calculated (toc, 3): 53.05565pt -number indent calculated (toc, 3): 88.58348pt +number indent calculated (toc, 3): 92.47238pt number indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 38.00008pt text indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 32.00002pt number indent by parent (toc, 3): 92.47238pt text indent calculated (toc, 3): 53.05565pt -number indent calculated (toc, 3): 88.58348pt +number indent calculated (toc, 3): 92.47238pt number indent by \l@... (toc, 2): 15.00002pt text indent by \l@... (toc, 2): 23.00006pt number indent by parent (toc, 2): 42.2223pt @@ -858,33 +858,33 @@ number indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 38.00008pt text indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 32.00002pt number indent by parent (toc, 3): 92.47238pt text indent calculated (toc, 3): 53.05565pt -number indent calculated (toc, 3): 88.58348pt +number indent calculated (toc, 3): 92.47238pt number indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 38.00008pt text indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 32.00002pt number indent by parent (toc, 3): 92.47238pt text indent calculated (toc, 3): 53.05565pt -number indent calculated (toc, 3): 88.58348pt +number indent calculated (toc, 3): 92.47238pt number indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 38.00008pt text indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 32.00002pt number indent by parent (toc, 3): 92.47238pt text indent calculated (toc, 3): 53.05565pt -number indent calculated (toc, 3): 88.58348pt +number indent calculated (toc, 3): 92.47238pt number indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 38.00008pt text indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 32.00002pt number indent by parent (toc, 3): 92.47238pt text indent calculated (toc, 3): 53.05565pt -number indent calculated (toc, 3): 88.58348pt +number indent calculated (toc, 3): 92.47238pt +[3] number indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 38.00008pt text indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 32.00002pt number indent by parent (toc, 3): 92.47238pt text indent calculated (toc, 3): 53.05565pt -number indent calculated (toc, 3): 88.58348pt -[3] +number indent calculated (toc, 3): 92.47238pt number indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 38.00008pt text indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 32.00002pt number indent by parent (toc, 3): 92.47238pt text indent calculated (toc, 3): 53.05565pt -number indent calculated (toc, 3): 88.58348pt +number indent calculated (toc, 3): 92.47238pt number indent by \l@... (toc, 2): 15.00002pt text indent by \l@... (toc, 2): 23.00006pt number indent by parent (toc, 2): 42.2223pt @@ -894,32 +894,32 @@ number indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 38.00008pt text indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 32.00002pt number indent by parent (toc, 3): 92.47238pt text indent calculated (toc, 3): 53.05565pt -number indent calculated (toc, 3): 88.58348pt +number indent calculated (toc, 3): 92.47238pt number indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 38.00008pt text indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 32.00002pt number indent by parent (toc, 3): 92.47238pt text indent calculated (toc, 3): 53.05565pt -number indent calculated (toc, 3): 88.58348pt +number indent calculated (toc, 3): 92.47238pt number indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 38.00008pt text indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 32.00002pt number indent by parent (toc, 3): 92.47238pt text indent calculated (toc, 3): 53.05565pt -number indent calculated (toc, 3): 88.58348pt +number indent calculated (toc, 3): 92.47238pt number indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 38.00008pt text indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 32.00002pt number indent by parent (toc, 3): 92.47238pt text indent calculated (toc, 3): 53.05565pt -number indent calculated (toc, 3): 88.58348pt +number indent calculated (toc, 3): 92.47238pt number indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 38.00008pt text indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 32.00002pt number indent by parent (toc, 3): 92.47238pt text indent calculated (toc, 3): 53.05565pt -number indent calculated (toc, 3): 88.58348pt +number indent calculated (toc, 3): 92.47238pt number indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 38.00008pt text indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 32.00002pt number indent by parent (toc, 3): 92.47238pt text indent calculated (toc, 3): 53.05565pt -number indent calculated (toc, 3): 88.58348pt +number indent calculated (toc, 3): 92.47238pt number indent by \l@... (toc, 1): 0.0pt text indent by \l@... (toc, 1): 15.00002pt number indent by parent (toc, 1): 0.0pt @@ -934,17 +934,17 @@ number indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 38.00008pt text indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 32.00002pt number indent by parent (toc, 3): 92.47238pt text indent calculated (toc, 3): 53.05565pt -number indent calculated (toc, 3): 88.58348pt +number indent calculated (toc, 3): 92.47238pt number indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 38.00008pt text indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 32.00002pt number indent by parent (toc, 3): 92.47238pt text indent calculated (toc, 3): 53.05565pt -number indent calculated (toc, 3): 88.58348pt +number indent calculated (toc, 3): 92.47238pt number indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 38.00008pt text indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 32.00002pt number indent by parent (toc, 3): 92.47238pt text indent calculated (toc, 3): 53.05565pt -number indent calculated (toc, 3): 88.58348pt +number indent calculated (toc, 3): 92.47238pt number indent by \l@... (toc, 2): 15.00002pt text indent by \l@... (toc, 2): 23.00006pt number indent by parent (toc, 2): 42.2223pt @@ -954,7 +954,7 @@ number indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 38.00008pt text indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 32.00002pt number indent by parent (toc, 3): 92.47238pt text indent calculated (toc, 3): 53.05565pt -number indent calculated (toc, 3): 88.58348pt +number indent calculated (toc, 3): 92.47238pt number indent by \l@... (toc, 2): 15.00002pt text indent by \l@... (toc, 2): 23.00006pt number indent by parent (toc, 2): 42.2223pt @@ -964,17 +964,17 @@ number indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 38.00008pt text indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 32.00002pt number indent by parent (toc, 3): 92.47238pt text indent calculated (toc, 3): 53.05565pt -number indent calculated (toc, 3): 88.58348pt +number indent calculated (toc, 3): 92.47238pt number indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 38.00008pt text indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 32.00002pt number indent by parent (toc, 3): 92.47238pt text indent calculated (toc, 3): 53.05565pt -number indent calculated (toc, 3): 88.58348pt +number indent calculated (toc, 3): 92.47238pt number indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 38.00008pt text indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 32.00002pt number indent by parent (toc, 3): 92.47238pt text indent calculated (toc, 3): 53.05565pt -number indent calculated (toc, 3): 88.58348pt +number indent calculated (toc, 3): 92.47238pt number indent by \l@... (toc, 2): 15.00002pt text indent by \l@... (toc, 2): 23.00006pt number indent by parent (toc, 2): 42.2223pt @@ -984,14 +984,14 @@ number indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 38.00008pt text indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 32.00002pt number indent by parent (toc, 3): 92.47238pt text indent calculated (toc, 3): 53.05565pt -number indent calculated (toc, 3): 88.58348pt +number indent calculated (toc, 3): 92.47238pt number indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 38.00008pt text indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 32.00002pt number indent by parent (toc, 3): 92.47238pt text indent calculated (toc, 3): 53.05565pt -number indent calculated (toc, 3): 88.58348pt +number indent calculated (toc, 3): 92.47238pt -Overfull \hbox (4.80618pt too wide) in paragraph at lines 143--143 +Overfull \hbox (8.69508pt too wide) in paragraph at lines 143--143 [][] [][]\OT1/cmr/m/n/10 Differentiating Sin-gle and Dou-ble Re-place- [] @@ -999,7 +999,7 @@ number indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 38.00008pt text indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 32.00002pt number indent by parent (toc, 3): 92.47238pt text indent calculated (toc, 3): 53.05565pt -number indent calculated (toc, 3): 88.58348pt +number indent calculated (toc, 3): 92.47238pt number indent by \l@... (toc, 2): 15.00002pt text indent by \l@... (toc, 2): 23.00006pt number indent by parent (toc, 2): 42.2223pt @@ -1009,12 +1009,57 @@ number indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 38.00008pt text indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 32.00002pt number indent by parent (toc, 3): 92.47238pt text indent calculated (toc, 3): 53.05565pt -number indent calculated (toc, 3): 88.58348pt +number indent calculated (toc, 3): 92.47238pt number indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 38.00008pt text indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 32.00002pt number indent by parent (toc, 3): 92.47238pt text indent calculated (toc, 3): 53.05565pt -number indent calculated (toc, 3): 88.58348pt +number indent calculated (toc, 3): 92.47238pt +number indent by \l@... (toc, 1): 0.0pt +text indent by \l@... (toc, 1): 15.00002pt +number indent by parent (toc, 1): 0.0pt +text indent calculated (toc, 1): 42.2223pt +number indent calculated (toc, 1): 0.0pt +number indent by \l@... (toc, 2): 15.00002pt +text indent by \l@... (toc, 2): 23.00006pt +number indent by parent (toc, 2): 42.2223pt +text indent calculated (toc, 2): 50.25008pt +number indent calculated (toc, 2): 42.2223pt +number indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 38.00008pt +text indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 32.00002pt +number indent by parent (toc, 3): 92.47238pt +text indent calculated (toc, 3): 53.05565pt +number indent calculated (toc, 3): 92.47238pt +number indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 38.00008pt +text indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 32.00002pt +number indent by parent (toc, 3): 92.47238pt +text indent calculated (toc, 3): 53.05565pt +number indent calculated (toc, 3): 92.47238pt +number indent by \l@... (toc, 2): 15.00002pt +text indent by \l@... (toc, 2): 23.00006pt +number indent by parent (toc, 2): 42.2223pt +text indent calculated (toc, 2): 50.25008pt +number indent calculated (toc, 2): 42.2223pt +number indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 38.00008pt +text indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 32.00002pt +number indent by parent (toc, 3): 92.47238pt +text indent calculated (toc, 3): 53.05565pt +number indent calculated (toc, 3): 92.47238pt +number indent by \l@... (toc, 2): 15.00002pt +text indent by \l@... (toc, 2): 23.00006pt +number indent by parent (toc, 2): 42.2223pt +text indent calculated (toc, 2): 50.25008pt +number indent calculated (toc, 2): 42.2223pt +number indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 38.00008pt +text indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 32.00002pt +number indent by parent (toc, 3): 92.47238pt +text indent calculated (toc, 3): 53.05565pt +number indent calculated (toc, 3): 92.47238pt +number indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 38.00008pt +text indent by \l@... (toc, 3): 32.00002pt +number indent by parent (toc, 3): 92.47238pt +text indent calculated (toc, 3): 53.05565pt +number indent calculated (toc, 3): 92.47238pt ) \tf@toc=\write4 \openout4 = `notes.toc'. @@ -1034,22 +1079,29 @@ Overfull \hbox (2.0561pt too wide) in paragraph at lines 590--591 are ef-fec-tively equiv- [] -[33] [34] [35] -Package atveryend Info: Empty hook `BeforeClearDocument' on input line 623. - [36] [37] -Package atveryend Info: Empty hook `AfterLastShipout' on input line 623. +[33] [34] [35] [36] [37] +Package atveryend Info: Empty hook `BeforeClearDocument' on input line 649. + [38] +Package atveryend Info: Empty hook `AfterLastShipout' on input line 649. (./notes.aux) -Package atveryend Info: Executing hook `AtVeryEndDocument' on input line 623. -Package atveryend Info: Executing hook `AtEndAfterFileList' on input line 623. -Package rerunfilecheck Info: File `notes.out' has not changed. -(rerunfilecheck) Checksum: 3FC928675446A42CFC9975869405B122;12101. -Package atveryend Info: Empty hook `AtVeryVeryEnd' on input line 623. +Package atveryend Info: Executing hook `AtVeryEndDocument' on input line 649. +Package atveryend Info: Executing hook `AtEndAfterFileList' on input line 649. + + +Package rerunfilecheck Warning: File `notes.out' has changed. +(rerunfilecheck) Rerun to get outlines right +(rerunfilecheck) or use package `bookmark'. + +Package rerunfilecheck Info: Checksums for `notes.out': +(rerunfilecheck) Before: BD761F6B334C91A83F77F5EC4E1BA878;12838 +(rerunfilecheck) After: 9DB03C7C9A37B27CA2FFD00922CCE75C;13117. +Package atveryend Info: Empty hook `AtVeryVeryEnd' on input line 649. ) Here is how much of TeX's memory you used: - 5541 strings out of 492616 - 83289 string characters out of 6129482 + 5564 strings out of 492616 + 83677 string characters out of 6129482 176845 words of memory out of 5000000 - 9243 multiletter control sequences out of 15000+600000 + 9252 multiletter control sequences out of 15000+600000 11849 words of font info for 46 fonts, out of 8000000 for 9000 1141 hyphenation exceptions out of 8191 28i,14n,28p,1102b,413s stack positions out of 5000i,500n,10000p,200000b,80000s @@ -1067,10 +1119,10 @@ ive/2019/texmf-dist/fonts/type1/public/amsfonts/cm/cmsy5.pfb> -Output written on notes.pdf (37 pages, 278816 bytes). +Output written on notes.pdf (38 pages, 287473 bytes). PDF statistics: - 1167 PDF objects out of 1200 (max. 8388607) - 1102 compressed objects within 12 object streams - 188 named destinations out of 1000 (max. 500000) - 1177 words of extra memory for PDF output out of 10000 (max. 10000000) + 1234 PDF objects out of 1440 (max. 8388607) + 1168 compressed objects within 12 object streams + 202 named destinations out of 1000 (max. 500000) + 1249 words of extra memory for PDF output out of 10000 (max. 10000000) diff --git a/notes/notes.out b/notes/notes.out index b73625f..5a8881f 100644 --- a/notes/notes.out +++ b/notes/notes.out @@ -145,3 +145,16 @@ \BOOKMARK [2][-]{subsection.4.5}{Limiting Reactant and Percent Yield}{section.4}% 145 \BOOKMARK [3][-]{subsubsection.4.5.1}{Limiting Reactants and Stoichiometry}{subsection.4.5}% 146 \BOOKMARK [3][-]{subsubsection.4.5.2}{Theoretical Yield and Percent Yield}{subsection.4.5}% 147 +\BOOKMARK [1][-]{section.5}{Stoichiometry and the Gas Laws}{}% 148 +\BOOKMARK [2][-]{subsection.5.1}{Molar Masses}{section.5}% 149 +\BOOKMARK [3][-]{subsubsection.5.1.1}{Moles and Avogadro's Number}{subsection.5.1}% 150 +\BOOKMARK [3][-]{subsubsection.5.1.2}{Molar Mass and Average Atomic Mass}{subsection.5.1}% 151 +\BOOKMARK [2][-]{subsection.5.2}{Introduction to Stoichiometry}{section.5}% 152 +\BOOKMARK [3][-]{subsubsection.5.2.1}{Stoichiometry and Ratios}{subsection.5.2}% 153 +\BOOKMARK [2][-]{subsection.5.3}{Stoichiometric Calculations}{section.5}% 154 +\BOOKMARK [3][-]{subsubsection.5.3.1}{Molar Mass and Mass-to-Mole Ratio}{subsection.5.3}% 155 +\BOOKMARK [3][-]{subsubsection.5.3.2}{Interchemical Calculations}{subsection.5.3}% 156 +\BOOKMARK [2][-]{subsection.5.4}{Gas Laws}{section.5}% 157 +\BOOKMARK [3][-]{subsubsection.5.4.1}{Boyle's Law}{subsection.5.4}% 158 +\BOOKMARK [3][-]{subsubsection.5.4.2}{Other Laws}{subsection.5.4}% 159 +\BOOKMARK [3][-]{subsubsection.5.4.3}{Partial Pressure}{subsection.5.4}% 160 diff --git a/notes/notes.pdf b/notes/notes.pdf index 1c6b004..c15be37 100644 Binary files a/notes/notes.pdf and b/notes/notes.pdf differ diff --git a/notes/notes.tex b/notes/notes.tex index 63cc519..b820a86 100644 --- a/notes/notes.tex +++ b/notes/notes.tex @@ -375,7 +375,7 @@ colorlinks=true \section{States and Properties of Matter} \subsection{Gases} \subsubsection{Kinetic-Molecular Theory} - Kinetic-molecular theory is a model of gases "as a large number of constantly and randomly moving particles that collide with eachother and the walls of the container. + Kinetic-molecular theory is a model of gases ``as a large number of constantly and randomly moving particles that collide with eachother and the walls of the container.'' The model postulates that: \begin{itemize} @@ -620,5 +620,43 @@ colorlinks=true Stoichiometry is the relationship between the relative quantities of substances taking part in a reaction or forming a compound, typically a ratio of whole integers. Stoichiometry is typically used in chemistry to determine the ratios between substances in which they react. For example, $H_2$ and $N_2$ react to form $NH_3$ in a ratio of $H:N=3:1$. However, if there are 5mol of $H_2$ and 1mol of $N_2$, then there is left 2mol of $H_2$, called the excess reactant. Because more nitrogen would allow continued reaction, nitrogen is called the limiting reactant. In general, the limiting and excess reactants in a reaction with uneven proportions can be determined with a similar calculus. Stoichiometry also extends to comparisons between reactants and products. If $2O_2 + H_2O \rightarrow H_2O_5$, 10 fully reacted moles of oxygen form 5 moles of the substance on the right (note that the substance makes no sense and isn't real). \subsubsection{Theoretical Yield and Percent Yield} Theoretical yield is ``the ideal maximum amount of a product that can be produced during a reaction, calculated from stoichiometric relationships.'' All examples above assumed that reactions occurr perfectly, consuming all of the reactants and creating the correct amount of product and nothing else. The amount of product created was the theoretical yield. However, real life doesn't usually have the same yield (actual yield) as predicted. Actual yield is almost always less than theoretical yield due to suboptimal reactant conditions and random factors. Percent yield is the ratio between actual yield and theoretical yield. +\section{Stoichiometry and the Gas Laws} + \subsection{Molar Masses} + \subsubsection{Moles and Avogadro's Number} + Moles (mol) are the SI unit for the amount of a substance, one mol being the same number of particles of a given substance as there are atoms in 12g of C-12, or $6.02*10^{23}$. Avogadro's number is that number of particles in a mol, and it is calculable from basic units of a carbon-12 atom, namely its atomic mass of $12amu$ and the fact that $1amu=1.66*10^{-24}g$ + \subsubsection{Molar Mass and Average Atomic Mass} + The mole and Avogadro's number relate average atomic mass and molar mass. Average atomic mass is the statistic displayed on the periodic table below a given element, in $\frac{amu}{atom}$. This is extensible to any arbitrary molecule, still in units $\frac{amu}{particle}$. Note that for a given substance, the molar mass (units $\frac{g}{mol}$) is equal to the average particle mass by definition of the mol. + \subsection{Introduction to Stoichiometry} + \subsubsection{Stoichiometry and Ratios} + Stoichiometry is based on ratios, such as $Reactant:Product$, $Reactant:Reactant$, or $Product:Product$. In the previous lesson, this was explored as the way to determine theoretical yield, so the foundation should already be set. Note that these ratios are molar ratios calculated from the ratios of the coefficients next to each compound in a balanced chemical equation. These ratios represent the amount of any two given substances in a balanced chemical reaction, ignoring total amount, and can be used to calculate the amounts of byproducts, amount of reactant required to react completely, limiting reactants, storage requirements, and how much product is created with a certain amount of reactant. + \subsection{Stoichiometric Calculations} + \subsubsection{Molar Mass and Mass-to-Mole Ratio} + Molar mass is in units of grams of element per mol. For example, $\frac{58.44g NaCl}{mol NaCl}$. This can be expanded to a given number of moles or a mass using dimensional analysis (note that dimensional analysis permits inversion of a ratio such as $\frac{mol NaCl}{58.44g NaCl}$). Also, for clarity's sake, the element formula next to each unit is necessary, and doesn't cancel. + \subsubsection{Interchemical Calculations} + Becuase of stoichiometric ratios as mentioned in the previous lesson, such as $\frac{mol NaCl}{mol Cl^+}$ in a table salt decomposition reaction, dimensional analysis can be further used to determine the mass of product created by a given chemical reaction. + \subsection{Gas Laws} + \subsubsection{Boyle's Law} + All gas laws are merely extensions of the ideal gas law mentioned in Unit II Topic 1.1. The ideal gas law is $\frac{P_1V_1}{N_1T_1}=\frac{P_2V_2}{N_2T_2}$ (N is number in moles, T is temperature in Kelvin, P is pressure, V is volume, and this holds for any two ideal gases according to Avogadro's Law). The first of these derivative laws is Boyle's Law: where quantity and temperature remain constant, pressure is inversely related to volume. This allows simple calculations relating changing volume and/or pressure of a gas. + \subsubsection{Other Laws} + \begin{tabular}{|c|c|} + \hline + Law & Relation \\ \hline + Boyle's Law & Volume and Pressure are inversely related \\ \hline + Charle's Law & Volume and Temperature are directly related \\ \hline + Gay-Lussac's Law & Pressure and Temperature are directly related \\ \hline + \end{tabular} + \subsubsection{Partial Pressure} + Partial pressure is "the fraction of the total pressure exerted by a mix of gases that is contributed by an individual gas." (i.e. the pressur of one gas in a mixture). $Partial pressure = \frac{Pressure if there were only the one gas}{Actual pressure}$. Dalton's Law states that the total pressure is equal to the sum of the partial pressures. Note that the fraction which the partial pressure makes up of the total pressure is equal to the molar fraction by the ideal gas law and the fact that temperature and volume are the same for all gases. + \subsection{The Ideal Gas Law} + \subsubsection{Avogadro's Law} + Avogadro's Law states that "the volume of a gas is proportional to the moles of the gas when pressure and temperature are kept constant." This is the $N$ term in the ideal gas law mentioned in last lesson. Note that this is unrelated to the gas's makeup. + \subsubsection{Derivation of the Ideal Gas Law} + From Boyle's Law ($V\ispropto \frac{1}{P}$), Charle's Law ($V\ispropto T$), and Avogadro's Law ($V\ispropto n$), the ideal gas law of $V\ispropto \frac{nT}{P}$ can be derived. This is equivalent to $V=R(\frac{nT}{P})$ or $PV=nRT$ where $R$ is the gas constant. Because the ideal gas law is independent from the gas's identity, $R$ has only one value. However, ideal gases can diverge from real gases significantly in high pressure or low temperature environments. + \subsection{Gas Stoichiometry} + \subsubsection{Implications of Molar Volume: Avogadro's Principle} + As stated repeatedly in the previous two lessons, the volume of a mole of gas is irrelevant to its composition. This is exemplified by molar volume: one mole of any ideal gas at standard temperature and pressure ($0^{\circ}C=273K$ and $1atm = 101.3kPa = 760 torr$) always has a molar volume of $22.4L$. Molar volume varies with temperature and pressure but is consistent between substances. Molar volume implies Avogadro's Principle: ``if two gas samples contain the same number of particles, they will have the same volume at a given temperature and pressure.'' Avogadro's Principle implies that in stoichiometry (ratios of coefficients in chemical reactions), the numbers can represent ratios of particles, moles, or volumes. +\section{Reaction Rates and Equilibrium} + \subsection{Reaction Rate} + \subsubsection{} \end{document} diff --git a/notes/notes.toc b/notes/notes.toc index fb7874d..7ed5d77 100644 --- a/notes/notes.toc +++ b/notes/notes.toc @@ -145,3 +145,16 @@ \contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {Lesson 5:}Limiting Reactant and Percent Yield}{36}{subsection.4.5}% \contentsline {subsubsection}{\numberline {Topic 5.1:}Limiting Reactants and Stoichiometry}{36}{subsubsection.4.5.1}% \contentsline {subsubsection}{\numberline {Topic 5.2:}Theoretical Yield and Percent Yield}{37}{subsubsection.4.5.2}% +\contentsline {section}{\numberline {Unit V:}Stoichiometry and the Gas Laws}{37}{section.5}% +\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {Lesson 1:}Molar Masses}{37}{subsection.5.1}% +\contentsline {subsubsection}{\numberline {Topic 1.1:}Moles and Avogadro's Number}{37}{subsubsection.5.1.1}% +\contentsline {subsubsection}{\numberline {Topic 1.2:}Molar Mass and Average Atomic Mass}{37}{subsubsection.5.1.2}% +\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {Lesson 2:}Introduction to Stoichiometry}{37}{subsection.5.2}% +\contentsline {subsubsection}{\numberline {Topic 2.1:}Stoichiometry and Ratios}{37}{subsubsection.5.2.1}% +\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {Lesson 3:}Stoichiometric Calculations}{38}{subsection.5.3}% +\contentsline {subsubsection}{\numberline {Topic 3.1:}Molar Mass and Mass-to-Mole Ratio}{38}{subsubsection.5.3.1}% +\contentsline {subsubsection}{\numberline {Topic 3.2:}Interchemical Calculations}{38}{subsubsection.5.3.2}% +\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {Lesson 4:}Gas Laws}{38}{subsection.5.4}% +\contentsline {subsubsection}{\numberline {Topic 4.1:}Boyle's Law}{38}{subsubsection.5.4.1}% +\contentsline {subsubsection}{\numberline {Topic 4.2:}Other Laws}{38}{subsubsection.5.4.2}% +\contentsline {subsubsection}{\numberline {Topic 4.3:}Partial Pressure}{38}{subsubsection.5.4.3}% -- cgit