\input ../cer.tex \name{Holden Rohrer} \course{FVS Chemistry AB 19.3} \teacher{Kerr} \question{Based on a substance's properties, how can you determine whether its bonds are ionic or covalent?} \claim{If a substance is solid at room temperature, has a crystalline structure, dissolves easily in water, and conducts electricity well, then it likely contains ionic bonds. Otherwise, it likely contains covalent bonds.} \data{2}{1.65in}{ \head Ionic Compound in Solution & Observed Flame Color \cr \noalign{\hrule} $HCl$ Solution (baseline) \ampsub blue \endlinex 0.5M calcium chloride ($CaCl_2$) \ampsub orange-red \endlinex 0.5M sodium chloride ($NaCl$) \ampsub orange-yellow \endlinex 0.5M barium chloride ($BaCl_2$) \ampsub pale green \endlinex 0.5M lithium chloride ($LiCl$) \ampsub red \endlinex 0.5M copper(II) chloride ($CuCl_2$) \ampsub blue-green \endlinex 0.5M cesium chloride ($CsCl$) \ampsub blue-violet \endlinex Unknown Solution \#1 \ampsub red \endlinex Unknown Solution \#2 \ampsub blue-violet \endlinex } \evidence{%\parsub \noindent\data\parsub\smallskip \qquad\qquad\qquad\qquad Lab Results\parsub Metal ion in Unknown Solution \#1: Lithium \parsub Metal ion in Unknown Solution \#2: Cesium \parsub } \justification{ This makes sense } \makeheader \makedoc \bye