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Holden Rohrer (00:45--01:30)
Wroblewski
AP World 2nd
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\centerline{\fourteenbf Unit 7/8 Corona-DBQ}
% Evaluate the extent to which the global conflicts from 1914-1991
% changed the political and economic status of states around the world.

Before World War I, colonialism was at its height. Through direct and
indirect rule, colonizers like Great Britain and France controlled
great parts of the world, like French Indochina (Vietnam), India,
and large parts of Africa, but revolution and independence was as
common at the time, with the United States, many Latin American
countries, and France revolting against old leaders and seeking
independence, often through bloody means. The Great War changed the
social opinion of many colonized people of their colonizers to the worse.
Concerns about the external culture became much more prevalent, and
states began to seek economic and political independence. The
independence movements that sought to brought change were globally
unified by the second world war, the Cold War, and the Cold War's many
proxy wars (Vietnam, Korea, Israel-Palestine conflict). These wars,
during their time created superpower-based power structures which many
states and groups feared or worked against with non-alignment movements
and decolonization efforts which developed free trade and more democratic
politics while others took more authoritarian stances aligned with the
superpowers which created significant economic development within those
countries and their spheres.

The superpower-based power structures and the authoritarian nations
which aligned with them included China. Mao Zedong and the Communist
Party initially destroyed the old elite, eliminating local inequality
because peasants had enough wealth to survive on; they used strict
authoritarian policies to ``sweep all the imperialists\dots landowners
into their graves,'' which continued throughout the century and into
the next because the authoritarian approach was extremely effective
in maintaining the kind of economic growth that followed superpowers.
Socializing movements also happened in Western bloc countries like
Western Germany with the Marshall plan, which strengthened the
government without creating an authoritarian power structure.

The other response to superpower, nonalignment, nonviolence, and
free trade shaped Inda, Indonesia, much of Latin America, was also
crucially involved in the global conflicts that superpower-aligned
nations were. The United Nations resolution to limit colonialism as
passed by the General Assembly illustrates the free trade and
transnational political approach which developed a system to address
concerns about other nations' policies without the explicit interventions
that the Soviet Union and the United States often engaged in. This GA
document is likely posititioned towards the Soviet Union and the United
States because it is during the Cold War when intense fears about nuclear
armaments were very visible to the public and to non-aligned nations,
which were endangered by potential interference, being that the
superpowers would ``twist the arms'' of unwilling nations to join one
side or the other, like Cambodia or intervention with the Suez Canal,
which albeit unsuccessful was dangerous for Egypt's political situation
since it was a non-aligned nation. Nehru's speech demonstrates the
political situation during and after these major global conflicts,
continued globalization. The right ``to decide its own policy and way of
life'' was and is critical to the greatly increased global economic
throughput visible in the modern world.

Michael Adas's description of the cause of the Great War also applies
to World War II. India, for example, was partitioned and acquired
independence shortly after WWII because ``Gandhi's contetion'' gained
credence even among the colonizing nations where the harm that these
wars were doing weakened the spirit of the individual and of the state
in democratic parts. The ``psychological bondage'' also loosened in
Africa, where attempted pan-African movements and later terrorism
against colonial and post-colonial power were a mainstay, and attempted
to develop independence, but failed to develop the necessary economic
independence beforehand, which corresponds deeply with modern globalism.
Lenin addressing a crowd during the 1917 Russian Revolution and the
picture of that event likely were used to improve the idea, among rulers
rapidly losing power to independence movements and terroristic action
that allying with a stronger nation would allow them to retain that
power, and with the help of communism (or with capitalism in the case
of similar American propaganda), they too could regian power over the
people developed the Eastern bloc. This Eastern bloc wanted power over
its people and got it, which stayed because of the strength of global
conflict during this era---there was little option to cross the Iron
Curtain.


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