When is a federal system the best?
- Unitary = uniform policies with all the same laws and regulations
- Federal = represent states, heterogenous policies
- Federal = more flexible, for individual rights and businesses
    - Ex: midwesterners care about farming
    - Hyperlocality vs large urban centers (service industries)
- Unitary = high regulation of large corporations and industries
    - Also social regulation
- Federal = higher cultural diversity
    - Unitary systems struggle with incorporating diversity
        - Assimilation, single/little-varying political culture
A federal system is best when you
- Care less about efficiency of governance
- Have a more heterogenous population
- Need to let interest groups and subnationals represent

Legislature
- Judicial, executive enforce
- Legislature represents "nation-state as a whole"
- Make laws
- Classifying legislatures
    1) How is the executive chosen?
        Parliamentary = Prime Minister comes out of legislature
        Presidential  = people vote for the president
        - Different constituencies
            - PM responsible to parties/lawmakers
            - President responsible to the people
        - In the US system, their powers are independent
            - Studied as separate institutions, unlike parliament
    2) How many chambers?
        - Bicameral or Unicameral
        Unicameral = legislation is fast
        Bicameral = legislation is slow
        Bicameral = responsibility for laws is less clear
            - Confounding of power
            - Senate is more powerful, but not perceived as such
        Unicameral = more of a broad responsibility to the country
            - Good society
        Bicameral  = responsibility to constituents, parties, interests
            - "Specific"
            - Voter loyalty to party, districts, representatives
            - Very little insulation from public opinion, esp. localness
        Cost: $bicameral > $unicameral
    3) Full vs part time legislators
        - Georgia senators only work 40 days
            - Maybe more subject to corruption, less diligence
            - Care less about the job
        - US senators full time