fixed some typos

1 files changed, 14 insertions, 11 deletions

diff --git a/houdre/hw1.tex b/houdre/hw1.tex
index f442282..4baddda 100644
--- a/houdre/hw1.tex
+++ b/houdre/hw1.tex
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 \def\pfr#1#2{\left(\fr#1#2\right)}
 \def\form{{ 1 + (\fr23)^n \over 2 }}
 
-For $n$ dice, $\pev_n =\form.$
+We assume that for $n$ dice, $\pev_n =\form.$
 Rolling an odd or an even number of dice are complements: they are
 pairwise disjoint, and their union is $\Omega$, so
 $$\pod_n + \pev_n = \Pr(\ev\cup\od) = \Pr(\Omega) = 1$$
@@ -87,7 +87,8 @@ This set of events is constructed by taking the power set. For each
 $E_i\in2^A$, $B_i = E_i\cap(x^c\forall x\in(A \setminus E_i))$
 Each of these are in $\F$ because
 $\forall x,y\in\F\to x\cap y,x\setminus y\in\F$, $A \subset \F$.
-$\Pr(\cup A) = \sum_{i=1}^{2^n} \Pr(B_i) \leq \sum_{i=1}^n \Pr(A_i)$.
+$\Pr(\cup_i^n A_i) = \Pr(\cup_i^{2^n} B_i) = \sum_{i=1}^{2^n} \Pr(B_i)
+\leq \sum_{i=1}^n \Pr(A_i)$.
 This final statement is true because, for all $B_i$, there exists an
 $A_j$ that corresponds to a set with $B_i$, and each $A_i$ corresponds
 to a subset of $B$ which have probabilities which sum to the probability
@@ -108,7 +109,7 @@ $$\Omega\setminus A_{n+1} \supseteq A\setminus A_{n+1}
 \Longrightarrow \Pr(\Omega\setminus A_{n+1}) \geq \Pr(A\setminus
 A_{n+1}) = \Pr(A)-\Pr(A\cap A_{n+1}).$$
 Subtracting the last statement from the assumption, (note that the sign
-of the inequality being flips flips the comparator)
+of the inequality being flipped flips the comparator)
 $$\Pr(A) \geq 1 - n + \sum_i^n \Pr(A_i) \Longrightarrow
   \Pr(A\cap A_{n+1}) \geq 1 - n + \sum_i^n\Pr(A_i) - (1 - \Pr(A_{n+1}))
                         = 1 - (n+1) + \sum_i^{n+1}\Pr(A_i).$$
@@ -207,7 +208,7 @@ $1\over2$. The probability that no one is here, if it has come, is
 $e^{-1}$, and the prior probability that no one is here has already been
 stated.
 $$\Pr(\hbox{9:00 bus came}|\hbox{nobody here}) = {\pfr12 e^{-1}\over
-\Pr(\hbox{nobody here}) = {2e^{-1} + e^{-2} + e^{-4}\over 4}
+\Pr(\hbox{nobody here})} = {2e^{-1} + e^{-2} + e^{-4}\over 4}
 = 2{e^{-1}\over 2e^{-1} + e^{-2} + e^{-4}} \approx 0.83.$$
 This shows that, if nobody is at the bus stop, there is a better than
 four to one chance that the 9:00 bus has already come (early).
@@ -217,7 +218,7 @@ four to one chance that the 9:00 bus has already come (early).
 Let $E_k$ represent the event that $k$ heads happen before $s$ tails.
 
 $$\Pr(E_r|A={\rm head}) = \Pr(E_{r-1}) + (1-\Pr(E_{r-1}))\Pr(E|A={\rm
-tail})$$.
+tail}).$$
 This is because there are two distinct possibilities after a head is
 flipped: either $r-1$ more heads are flipped (and $E$ has occurred) or
 that doesn't happen because some number (may be zero, although
@@ -225,19 +226,21 @@ the actual number is irrelevant) of heads happen before a tail, which
 gives $E$ the same probability as happening as if a tail were flipped
 first.
 
-$$\Pr(E|A={\rm tail}) = (1-\Pr(\neg E_{s-1}))\Pr(E|A={\rm head}).$$
+$$\Pr(E|A={\rm tail}) = (1-\Pr((\neg E)_{s-1}))\Pr(E|A={\rm head}).$$
 This is justified because there are again two possibilities: either the
 streak of tails continues and $E$ doesn't happen, or a head is flipped.
 Taking the two equations with substitution gives:
-$$\Pr(E|A={\rm tail}) = (1-p^{s-1})(p^{r-1} + (1-p^{r-1})
-\Pr(E|A={\rm tail}) \Longrightarrow
-\Pr(E|A={\rm tail})({1\over 1-p^{s-1}} + p^{r-1} - 1)) = 1 - p^{r-1}$$
+$$\Pr(E|A={\rm tail}) = (1-(1-p)^{s-1})(p^{r-1} + (1-p^{r-1})
+\Pr(E|A={\rm tail})$$
+$$\Longrightarrow
+\Pr(E|A={\rm tail})({1\over 1-(1-p)^{s-1}} + p^{r-1} - 1))
+    = 1 - p^{r-1}$$
 $$\Longrightarrow \Pr(E|A={\rm tail}) = {1 - p^{r-1}\over{1\over
-1-p^{s-1}} + p^{r-1} - 1}.$$
+1-(1-p)^{s-1}} + p^{r-1} - 1}.$$
 
 \q19
 
-$$\Pr(\hbox{unmatched socks}) = 2{3n\over(3+n)(2+n)}.$$
+$$\Pr(\hbox{unmatched socks}) = 2{3n\over(3+n)(2+n)}$$
 $$= 3\Pr(\hbox{matched red}) = 3{6\over(3+n)(2+n)}
 \longrightarrow n = 3.$$