read The Island of Dr Moreau, a Vivisection article, and took a quiz

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+INTRODUCTION
+Lady Vain lost at sea. Uncle recovered 11 months later with a strange
+tale. He's found on a lifeboat from a schooner called Ipecacuanha. This
+corresponds with reality, but his Uncle has missing memory and landed on
+an impossible island.
+
+CHAPTER ONE (In the dingey of the `Lady Vain.')
+
+The crash is well known, and seven men were recovered. Four weren't.
+
+Boaters: Helmar, the narrator, and a short sturdy man---name unknown.
+(the fourth man died jumping off the boat)
+Food and water are very limited. Water runs out on the fourth day, and
+in delirium by the sixth, the men agree to cannibalize one. The unnamed
+man loses the gambit, and in a fight, both he and Helmar drown.
+The narrator is picked up two days later in a fogged state.
+
+CHAPTER TWO (The man who was going nowhere)
+
+Edward is recovered by the ship and cared for by the "medical man
+aboard."
+He is given some scarlet substance that strengthens him.
+The Ipecacuanha is a trader from "Arica and Callao."
+Arm injected. Has been unconscious for 30hrs.
+Edward studied Natural History.
+Montgomery, the medicine man, studied Biology.
+There is a sound of dogs above.
+Montgomery nurses Edward back with food, and lends some clothes.
+The ship is headed to Hawaii but has to stop at Montgomery's island
+first (no name).
+
+CHAPTER THREE (The Strange Face)
+
+There is a bizarre, misshapen, crooked man with an equally unnerving and
+deformed face blocking the way.
+Montgomery sends him off, `forward.'
+He might be the "unseen dogs growling," given that he has the appearance
+of a muscle. Edward has deja vu about the face.
+Actually, there's a filthy deck, covered with food scraps from caged and
+tied-up animals on the deck.
+There's a singular other person on the deck, at the wheel.
+The black-faced man returns trailing a red-haired man who smacks him in
+the back.
+The red-haired man is the drunk captain (and owner, apparently).
+The black man is Montgomery's passenger. The captain calls Montgomery,
+coming to the defense of theh black man, "Blasted Sawbones" repeatedly.
+It sounds like the animals are for the island? Or maybe from it.
+The captain threatens to cut out the insides of the black man.
+Edward prevents a fight between the captain and Montgomery (by telling
+the captain to "shut up")
+
+CHAPTER FOUR (At the Schooner's Rail)
+
+Montgomery and Edward are talking in the starlight.
+Montgomery is "reticent about his purpose" with the creatures and his
+destination
+Montgomery asks about London, where Edward is from "in a tone of
+half-painful reminiscence." "He spoke like a man who had loved his life
+there, and had been suddenly and irrevocably cut off from it."
+`[He] lost [his] head for ten minutes on a foggy night.'
+Edward sees the attendant has red eyes, striking childhood fears.
+
+CHAPTER FIVE (The Man Who Had Nowhere To Go)
+
+The captain tells Edward ("Mister Shut-Up") to head overboard "with your
+friends."
+Edward tries appealing to Montgomery and Montgomery's companion (I think
+there's a new one), both of whom shake their heads and say "can't have
+you."
+They're unboarding the ship, and Edward is in the hands of fate.
+He protests by laying down on the deck, weak from hunger and a lack of
+"blood-corpuscles." The captain and his sailors drag him onto the Lady
+Vain, and set him adrift---no oars, half-full of water.
+
+CHAPTER SIX (The Evil-Looking Boatmen)
+
+Montgomery's launch returns to pick up Edward, who is drifting towards
+the island. The launch is "heavily laden."
+I was right---there is a new companion, white-haired.
+Montgomery fastens the Lady Vain to his vessel.
+They arrive at the island.
+I'm not exactly sure if these are racist depictions, but they certainly
+seem like it. There are three brutish, gangly men wrapped in white
+papery substance and wearing turbans. The coast of the island has some
+buildings, a beach, and a ridge.
+I wonder what the importance of the "jacket and trousers of blue serge"
+is.
+They land the boat and begin unloading, the bandaged men apparently
+doing so "clumsily."
+The white-haired man takes in Edward as a guest.
+"This is a biological station---of a sort."
+They are populating the island with animals, apparently wanting the
+rabbits for meat.
+
+CHAPTER SEVEN (The Locked Door)
+
+They have some secret that the want to keep from Edward.
+There is a stone enclosure that Edward is asked not to enter, made of
+coral and pumice, with the llama and some packages stored outside.
+"the elaborate locking-up of the place even while it was still under his
+eye, struck me as peculiar."
+The white-haired man lodges Edward in an apartment, plainly furnished,
+with some books and an inner door locked "for fear of accidents."
+The name Moreau (called by Montgomery) is also "unaccountably familiar"
+to Edward.
+Edward sees out the window one of the bandaged? men, endowed with
+"uncanny voices."
+Montgomery's attendant with red eyes "had pointed ears, covered with a
+fine brown fur!"
+
+The Moreau Horrors is what reminded Edward
+    Moreau, psychologist known for his imagination and brutal directness
+    A chilling pamphlet, written by a journalist wanting to expose
+        Moreau, closes Moreau's career. Corresponds with a mutilated dog
+        escaping Moreau's house.
+    Moreau leaves London, to continue research.
+Edward is convinced it's the same man. "A notorious vivisector."
+Why are these books primarily detective stories?
+    I mean, this isn't *really* a detective story. It's a mystery.
+Probably relevant but not this chapter: Edward doesn't drink
+    "Abstinent since birth."
+
+CHAPTER EIGHT (The Crying of the Puma)
+
+Montgomery wishes he'd been an abstainer. "It's no use locking the door
+after the steed is stolen."
+Since Edward knows Moreau, Montgomery plans to tell more of the mystery.
+Edward also asks about the attendant, which Montgomery (probably lying)
+claims not to have noticed, saying his hair hid the ears.
+Montgomery says he had just become used to his attendant.
+The puma is howling in the background.
+It drives Edward mad enough to, in a rage and pity, flee to the forest.
+
+CHAPTER NINE (The Thing in the Forest)
+
+"grotesque ugliness was an invariable character of these islanders."
+Edward sees a man drink from a stream on all fours. The area is
+otherwise tranquil and still.
+The islander is wearing blue fabric.
+He comes across a recently killed (still warm) rabbit that he saw
+drinking water earlier. Its head is torn off.
+Running away in fear, Edward finds another group of islanders.
+Three, a woman and two men (white, unlike the copper-skin of the other)
+each wearing but a scarlet cloth around a large felled tree in a meadow.
+The islanders all have short legs, I think. "Lipless mouths."
+Another emerald flash in an islander's eyes.
+Edward runs because he believes he is being followed, as night falls.
+He has some evidence that there is a silhouetted figure near him---the
+Thing.
+Edward dehumanizes the Thing, the "animal-man" "on all-fours," and using
+a prepared rock in a sling, kills it. He can't bring himself to look
+closer at the fallen body.
+
+CHAPTER TEN (The Crying of the Man)
+
+He returns to his apartment, meeting Montgomery there. Montgomery calls
+them "curiosities."
+Why does Montgomery keep giving Prendick brandy? He's expressed his
+abstinence severely.
+The puma yelps, again.
+Montgomery refuses to answer questions about the "curiosities," delaying
+concerns with "enough for one day."
+Montgomery gives him "a small measure containing a dark liquid."
+    Is Edward to become one of the islanders?
+The door is left open when Edward wakes up. He hears the yelp (he says
+of a man, but I think it's a deerhound), and rushes in. Moreau throws
+Edward out as if he were a small child.
+
+CHAPTER ELEVEN (The Hunting of the Man)
+
+Was that rabbit foreshadowing?
+So Edward really does think Moreau was vivisecting a person.
+I wonder what the tabboo is? What will that reading say? I assumed
+vivisection was an operation on a person, but it does make sense that it
+would be an animal. Hmm
+So Moreau did something with blood transfusion.
+Because Edward is convinced of Moreau's bad intentions, he runs out
+before (in his paranoia) Montgomery locks him into the apartment.
+Edward runs out into the woods and hides in a bush. He hears a dog yip
+and heads to a stream to get some drink.
+Off-topic
+    I watched the first couple of seasons of Dark, and the main
+    character Jonas keeps wanting to make the world different, but he's
+    already seen his older self do things---which makes me curious: why
+    doesn't he just kill himself to "stop the loop." I imagined
+    self-preservation, but I think this explains it:
+    "an odd wish to see the whole adventure out, a queer, impersonal,
+    spectacular interest in myself, restrained me."
+A Beast Person talking in broken English approaches Edward.
+    They "[lack] sometimes even three digits."
+    He can swing from the vines.
+    And has access to food! (At "man's huts." Is this Moreau's?)
+He goes through a dark, underground tunnel, calling "Home!"
+
+CHAPTER TWELVE (The Sayers of the Law)
+
+The People live in a ravine, with a smell from being unkept.
+Forgot to mention: Edward has a nailed stick.
+This is a primitive culture, ranked by the number of fingers per hand.
+Probably does correspond to the "closeness" to humanity.
+    This maybe has some roots in Social Darwinism, but given the
+    critical view of Moreau, definitely not supportive.
+The Law is a mantra of civilization that the Ape-man makes Edward repeat
+- not to go on all-fours; that is the Law. Are we not Men?
+- not to suck up Drink..
+- not to eat Fish or Flesh.. (interesting: vegetarianism)
+- not to claw the bark of trees..
+- not to chase other Men..
+- and more, apparently
+And a religious "His" that attributes nature.
+There is more jabber about punishment and apparently these people desire
+to break many tenets of this law.
+Edward thinks Moreau managed to get them to deify him.
+
+Moreau and Montgomery find Edward. He, again, runs, but this time Moreau
+recruits the People to attack/restrain him. They are slow to respond,
+giving him enough time to escape, but he does need to maim one of the
+People with his nail on a stick.
+He runs and falls into a ravine. Moreau located him with one of the dogs
+(only?).
+There is a sulphuric stream at the bottom (heated by lava?)
+
+CHAPTER THIRTEEN (A Parley)
+
+We finally come to a confrontation between Moreau and Edward.
+He threatens to drown himself.
+Moreau, somewhat disinterestedly, wonders why Edward would fear torture.
+M'ling is Montgomery's attendant.
+Edward tries to foment revolt of the Beast People against Moreau---tries
+to get them to be okay with killing Moreau.
+Moreau says they were animals and are now men.
+They do present a pretty compelling case that they don't intend to
+endanger Edward: they had every opportunity and didn't take them,
+foremost. They are turning the puma into a man.
+Edward makes Moreau and Montgomery set down their revolvers and
+raise their hands at a distance in order to prove their intent.
+I can't tell exactly if this is just solidified rock or actual lava on
+this island.
+"I never before saw an animal trying to think."
+
+CHAPTER FOURTEEN (Doctor Moreau Explains)
+
+Vivisection is live surgery. Moreau, in a fantastical extension of
+standard procedures---moving skin around, transplanting teeth,
+hypnotism---purports to be able to transmute the animals into bodily
+forms similar to humans and educate them out of their old instincts.
+Edward asks Moreau to justify the pain inflicted in vivisection
+    Moreau calls Prendick a "materialist" for being driven at all by
+    visual, audible, or personal pain, animalistic even.
+Prendick is immediately unconvinced, but Moreau continues---he claims
+that pain is unnecessary in nerves and flesh, a mere evolutionary trick.
+Furthermore, Moreau does this as a matter of scientific inquiry: "[he]
+asked a question, devised some method of obtaining an answer, and got a
+fresh question."
+Finally, Moreau admits that he doesn't worry about ethics.
+Moreau believes himself to be a failure. His first couple of creations
+were pained and stupid, but he eventually made a gorilla into a slow
+man. Now, he hopes the puma to be finally an intelligent creature.
+
+CHAPTER FIFTEEN (Concerning the Beast Folk)
+
+Moreau's hypnotism of the Beast Folk is apparently steadfast---although
+the Law (including prohibitions from tasting blood) is broken.
+The Beast that followed Edward was the Leopard-man.
+M'ling doesn't live with the other Beast Folk but in a kennel.
+Edward is becoming accustomed to the Beast Folk as people---the beast
+still shows sometimes but if he doesn't pay too much attention.
+
+CHAPTER SIXTEEN (How the Beast Folk Taste Blood)
+
+The Thing isn't the leopard-man, I don't think.
+There is a social commentary thing here. The whole "humanity in
+miniature" thing is meant to be an analogy to modernity, I think.
+
+Montgomery and Edward, on a visit to the lava flow that heats the
+spring, see a torn apart rabbit. This violates the Law, and Montgomery
+organizes the Beast People to see to punishment. The offender, the
+Leopard-man, runs and Edward and Montgomery chase it successfully.
+Edward, reaching it first, shoots it out of mercy. He is aware of the
+profound aimlessness of the island.
+
+CHAPTER SEVENTEEN (A Catastrophe)
+
+There is a revolt. The puma escapes and Moreau chases after him.
+Montgomery chases after Moreau with M'ling at his side. They encounter
+several groups of blood-stained Beast Folk. They retreat to the house.
+
+CHAPTER EIGHTEEN (The Finding of Moreau)
+
+Some "He" is thought to be dead by the Beast Folk, but Edward turns it
+into a Jesus-like "He watches from the heavens" story. (is the "He"
+Moreau?). He does this because they wonder if the Law falters.
+Moreau's dead body is being dragged back by a strong beast. Edward
+shoots and kills the beast (puma, I think). His revolver is lost.
+The ravine is (was? during the catastrophe) empty.
+Edward and Montgomery kill everything in the labatory.
+
+CHAPTER NINETEEN (Montgomery's `Bank Holiday')
+
+Edward wants to leave the island. Montgomery likes the phrase "silly
+ass." Montgomery is scared, so he drinks, which is his bank holiday.
+Edward organizes provisions for the dingey and Moreau's funeral pyre.
+Montgomery sort of organizes a bonfire with the Beast Folk. Two beasts,
+M'ling, and Montgomery are gravely injured. All die but Montgomery whom
+has burnt both boats in the bonfire, and caused Edward to burn down the
+thatch supply hut with a lantern. Montgomery dies.
+
+CHAPTER TWENTY (Alone with the Beast Folk)
+
+Edward is approached by three of the beast folk, and in a bid to save
+himself, propels belief in the Law. He tells that their deaths were
+because they disobeyed the Law and portrays himself as a master with the
+whip.
+He has them give water burials to the bodies.
+He sends them off and begins to realize he has nowhere safe to sleep.
+"The stubborn beast-flesh grows day by day back again." - Moreau
+He wants to kill the Hyena-swine.
+Since he failed to take the place of Moreau, he becomes "a leader among
+his fellows."
+
+CHAPTER TWENTY-ONE (The Reversion of the Beast Folk)
+
+There is a dog-like creature who wants to serve Prendick. Note that the
+holiday was only eight weeks into Edward's stay.
+Edward asks the dog-man to attack the `sinner' (hyena) because the
+dog-man still believes in the Law.
+Edward manages to convince the Beast Folk that Moreau and the House of
+Pain will return.
+Slowly, they become less and less human.
+They become beastlike but don't return to specific forms---Moreau mixed
+multiple creatures when creating them.
+The process is continuous; they lose language and form, basically
+violating the Law piece by piece, in combination with physical change.
+Edward makes a raft, which falls apart when he drags it to the sea.
+The Saint Bernard creature is killed by the hyena-swine, and the sloth,
+when Edward is sulking on the beach, retrieves Edward. Edward finally
+gets to kill the hyena-swine.
+He continues his attempts to escape, primarily with his unhandy
+raft-building---he nailed together pieces of brushwood. He reached a
+final obstacle of storing water, but he sees a sail.
+It's the sail of a small, dirty tug. Its crew of two are dead.
+Edward takes the boat, fills its keg with water, gathers fruit, rabbits.
+
+CHAPTER TWENTY-TWO (The Man Alone)
+
+He was recovered on that boat after three days, having eaten and drank
+scarcely.
+People wouldn't believe his story, believing the solitude to have driven
+him mad, so Edward pretended to recall nothing.
+Edward is deeply traumatized, fearing that the animalistic tendencies in
+his fellow men and women will come out, on a larger scale than with the
+islanders. He wants to be away from his fellow men because they scare
+him---on transit, in the street, everywhere.
+"This is a mood"
+Edward is solitary, and still a man of science, investigating chemistry
+and astronomy.
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+"Vivisection, Virtue, and the Law in the Nineteenth Century" by Bates
+
+Vivisection is a practice of experimentalist doctors, but clinicians
+wanted to distance themselves from it because inflicting pain is at odds
+with caring for patients.
+Anti-vivisectors viewed by some as regressive luddites.
+    Always a minority in support of vivisection
+Desire to protect anmials was "a form of social self-defense."
+    Middle class activists?
+        Cock-fights and bull-baitings alarmed the urban bourgeoisie
+        Casual cruelty => Violence
+    Radicals who wanted to empower disenfranchised humans
+Cruel and Improper Treatment of Cattle Act
+    Required offender to act 'wantonly and cruelly'
+    Moved focus from moral to legal concerns
+Originally a French ("Continental") Procedure
+    Magendie is a famous Parisian vivisector
+Utilitarian arguments, "betterment of mankind," used by vivisectors
+Voluntary doctors' boards and organizations founded.
+Fear of vivisectors' character, human vivisections of charity patients
+Ethics wasn't an established practice in the nineteenth century
+    Not even legislation until Medical Act of 1858
+    Virtue ethics: doctors expected to act gentlemanly
+        Doctors can't enjoy vivisection; motives > actions
+        Ideal motive is actually a balance: scientific inquiry tempered
+        with a degree of care for the animal (but not too much, that's
+        effeminate)
+Empathy seen to be lacking by vivisectors
+- Cadaver dissection had interchangeable arguments
+    "Cold-heartedness and self-indulgence"
+1876 Cruelty to Animals Act requires licensing (passed due to a shocking
+experiment conducted by a Frenchman)
+Dubious value on several bases: while quantitative value was obtained,
+    objectors worried it had little scientific relevance to human.
+Countered with specific examples of benefits from vivisection like John
+Hunter's work with aneurysms.
+Nationalist criticism (Brits -> French, in particular)
+Objective criteria: "the information sought must not be obtainable by
+observation alone, the experiment must have a distinct and definite
+object, it must not be a repeat, it must cause the least possible
+suffering to the least sentient animal, and must be properly witnessed
+and recorded." (influence in Antivivisection Act)
+
+Wantonly: without rational regard
+Cruelty (Sir John Day): "Something which cannot be justified."
+There were no successful prosecutions of vivisectionists in Britain.
+676 people licensed, many not required to use anaesthesia.
+    Encouraged nepotism by requiring signatures of other physicians
+National Anti-Vivisection Society founded to end animal experiments.
+    Also known as Victoria Street Society
+    Claimed that Act made vivisection rates worse
+Teaching colleges avoided vivisections because teachers believed that
+"anyone who would look calmly on a vivisection would not make a good
+physician." Rare in the field too
+
+Support of laboratory medicine correlates strongly with feelings about
+vivisection.
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+1. What year was The Island of Dr. Moreau published and who wrote it?
+
+Written by H. G. Wells, published in 1896.
+
+2. What happens to The Lady Vain?
+
+It crashes into a derelict. The crew splits into two boats. One of the
+boats contains our narrator and is recovered and towed to Dr. Moreau's
+Island.
+
+3. Who is M'ling?
+
+M'ling is one of the more successful instances of Dr. Moreau's
+experiments---Montgomery's red-eyed attendant.
+
+4. Define the uncanny.
+
+The uncanny is unsettlingness that suggests the supernatural. The Beast
+Folk are so uncanny (even before Edward learns that) because they are
+weird and abnormal, their animalism suggesting the sort of supernatural
+intervention Moreau undertook.
+
+5. Who was the first person to perform a vivisection in Britain?
+
+Francois Magendie performed the first highly publicized vivisection in
+Britain, making the public aware of it.
+
+6. What kind of experiments does Dr. Moreau perform and how does he
+justify them? Please give direct quotations.
+
+Dr. Moreau is a vivisector who has taken surgical transformations from
+small, individual alterations to entire reworkings of the body.
+Specifically, he attempts to turn animal forms into human forms.
+He justifies it mostly by ignoring the pain as a factor. "So long as
+visible or audible pain turns you sick; so long as your own pains drive
+you...I tell you, you are an animal," Monreau tells Edward, "Pleasure
+and pain---bah!" Monreau wants Edward to believe that pain is an archaic
+measure of cruelty and morality because it's "optional." Moreau believes
+he is pursuing a higher goal of "true research," where he follows
+inquiry wherever the data takes him regardless of such petty concerns,
+in his view.
+
+7. How are the Beast Folk depicted and what characters from The Sign of
+Four or Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde do they recall?
+
+The Beast Folk are depicted as misshapen, ugly, and wrong on a physical
+level. Mentally, they are little smarter than an idiot. The latter count
+is mostly irrelevant, but the first is a precise correspondence to Mr.
+Hyde and the reaction he draws out of people.
+
+8. Define degeneration.
+
+Degeneration is the opposite of development, a decline from a higher or
+more complex form. This is seen in the regression of the beast folk.
+
+9. What's the Uneven U?
+
+The Uneven U is paragraph structure. Arguments connect abstract ideas
+(essay motivations) with direct evidence, which is best organized as a
+"U" of abstraction, high-level motivation at the beginning and the end,
+and analysis and direct evidence in the middle.
+
+10. In the nineteenth century, how did British law define "cruelty?" How
+do you think we should define cruelty?
+
+British law originally defined cruelty with "wanton disregard" (i.e.
+with no rational explanation). This was later removed, but still Sir
+John Day said that cruelty is "something which cannot be justified."
+I am uncertain if cruelty should be the line in the sand for if an
+experiment can be carried out, but as I see it, cruelty should be based
+on the victim's experience---regardless of the perpetrator's motive
+unless that reduces the victim's pain in some way. Volunteering is
+probably the most basic level at which pain and suffering is acceptable,
+but this doesn't translate perfectly to animal subjects, which is why it
+should be determined based on suffering of the victim almost
+exclusively.