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diff --git a/smith/15_cold_war b/smith/15_cold_war new file mode 100644 index 0000000..c0a5c1e --- /dev/null +++ b/smith/15_cold_war @@ -0,0 +1,59 @@ +The End of WWII and the Origins of the Cold War +- How did the US end the war in the Pacific? +- How did the Cold War between the US and the Soviet Union begin? + +Japan had successfully captured many colonies in the Pacific. +In Phillippines, soldiers forced to march hundreds of miles in 6 days. + 10K die +US not doing good in battle. +Victory Disease pushes Japan into Australia. +- US wins Battle of the Coral Sea + - The Battle of Midway was battleship attack by Japan + - Military code cracked, so US headed to the fleet; crippled + Japanese fleet + - first major Japanese navy defeat in >300yrs + - developed island hopping strategy to reduce Japanese power in + the Pacific + - Cut Japanese off from natural resources + - Kamikazes began to develop + - Japanese were hurt worse than American forces +- US secures Okinawa and Iwo Jima in bloody battles + - Okinawa was an amphibious operation w/ 300K troops over 3mo + - Begin invading mainland Japan + - Allied Commanders set up bombing raids over Japan in Summer of + 1944 + - Napalm dropped on Tokyo, incinerating 16 sq mi, killing thousands, + dehoming a million. + - No qualms about harming civilians + - Burning of Manilla, brutal treatment of Chinese civilians, + PoWs had eroded military sympathy for the Japanese. + - Firebombing; no public outcry + - Japanese refused to surrender. + - Began considering The Ultimate Weapon (atomic bomb) + - Manhattan Project established in response to Germans + developing a bomb of their own. + - Damage from the bomb underestimated + - GB recognized puppet gov'ts in Eastern Europe. US said it + would veto participation in UN until democracy established. + - Potsdam Declaration - Japan must surrender by Aug 3. + - The deadline passed, and bomber heads for Hiroshima. + - The Hiroshima bomb killed 78K instantly. 70K instantly at + Nagasaki + - "like a glimpse into hell" + - August 14, 1945: V-J Day as Japanese emperor accepts surrender + +- Stalin increasingly became to believe US threatened Soviets + - Hugely increasing military power of the US + - For every American killed in WW2, 59 Soviets died + - Reshaped and transformed int'l relations and societies + - Fall of China to Communism + - American Hegemony + - Developed internationalism over isolationism + - Expansion of Fed. Gov. increased after 1945 + - Pres authority also continued to increase greatly + - Cold War was fundamentally "communism vs capitalism," + "totalitarianism vs democracy" + - A war of words + - Collapsed after the German threat went away + +ENDED AT PART TWO |