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| -rw-r--r-- | model-un/research-guide.tex | 63 |
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diff --git a/model-un/research-guide.tex b/model-un/research-guide.tex index 0407ddf..2d29a54 100644 --- a/model-un/research-guide.tex +++ b/model-un/research-guide.tex @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ %%MUST convert nigeria-flag.svg to nigeria-flag.png -\input color \input ulem.sty +\input color %%Should use phone-pdf? \let\ifphonepdf\iftrue @@ -36,6 +36,17 @@ {\color{blue} \uline{#1}}% \pdfendlink } +\long\def\xref#1#2{%visual, url; no uline + \pdfstartlink + user{/Subtype /Link + /A << + /Type /Action + /S /URI + /URI (#2) + >>}% + {\color{blue} #1}% + \pdfendlink +} \def\prebullet#1{\hbox to 0in{\hss\hbox to .5in{\hfil$#1$\hfil}}}%.5in box for bullet (#1) in lists \def\site#1---#2@#3{{%visual, description, url @@ -83,13 +94,14 @@ \ifphonepdf \magnification=\magstep2 \raggedright - \spacing=100 + \emergencystretch=.05in + \spacing=120 \fi \fourteenbf %%Title {\leftskip=0pt plus 1fil \rightskip=0pt plus 1fil %center all items in list - \hbox{\href{\vbox{{\centerline{Nigeria (GTMUN 2019)} + \hbox{\xref{\vbox{{\centerline{Nigeria (GTMUN 2019)} \par\centerline{Background Guides} \bigskip \leavevmode\centerline{\pdfximage width .8\hsize{model-un/nigeria-flag.png}\pdfrefximage\pdflastximage}}}}{http://www.gtmun.gatech.edu/gtmun-2019-committees-topics/}} @@ -117,10 +129,20 @@ Maritime Laws: \site Overview of Law of the Sea---Certain rights to offshore territory, exclusive economic zones, and continental shelf rights are preserved, but other UN bodies govern global assets such as international waters and marine environments@{https://www.un.org/en/sections/issues-depth/oceans-and-law-sea/} -Poverty, Development, and Water Security: +Poverty and Development: \site Member of the D8 Commission---a primarily Muslim economic cooperative of 8 nations@{https://developing8.org} \site World Bank Data---53\% of Nigerians make \$1.90 per day@{http://povertydata.worldbank.org/poverty/country/NGA} - \reading World Bank Overview of Water Insecurity@{https://www.worldbank.org/en/topic/waterresourcesmanagement} +\sitex Chemical Attacks Overview@{https://www.dhs.gov/xlibrary/assets/prep_chemical_fact_sheet.pdf} + \reading Specific Means of Aid@{https://sswm.info/arctic-wash/module-4-technology/further-resources-water-sources/water-source-protection} + \reading WHO Water Sanitation Guidelines@{https://www.who.int/water_sanitation_health/water-quality/guidelines/en/} + \reading Nigeria approves Chemical Weapons Bill@{https://www.nti.org/gsn/article/nigeria-approves-chemical-weapons-bill/} +\sitex Nigeria's Women's Education@{https://www.unicef.org/wcaro/WCARO_Nigeria_Factsheets_GirlsEducation.pdf} + \detail{Girls are enrolled half to a third as much as boys, meaning that only 20\% of women can read in parts of the country} + \detail{Insurgency, food insecurity, and the belief that girls' education is less important contribute to low enrollment} +\site Nigerian Education (UN)---free and mandatory for children but schools charge unoffical fees@{https://www.unicef.org/nigeria/education} + +Water Security: +\sitex World Bank Overview of Water Insecurity@{https://www.worldbank.org/en/topic/waterresourcesmanagement} \site Water Aid UK---59 million Nigerians without clean water; 123 million without sanitary toilet@{https://www.wateraid.org/uk/where-we-work/nigeria} \site Africa Environmental Pollution---Nigeria deals with numerous pollutants@{https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10668-016-9894-4} \detail{Regional Pollution is carried long distance by Sahara, including coal burning and gold mining} @@ -132,10 +154,6 @@ Poverty, Development, and Water Security: \reading Nigeria isn't providing adequate protections against industrial pollution (``Nigeria is Wasting its Rich Water Resources'') and waste leakage@{https://theconversation.com/how-nigeria-is-wasting-its-rich-water-resources-83110} \desc{Cheap solutions are key for West African nations} \desc{Most water isn't sanitary, but rivers and other unsanitized sources are plentiful} -\sitex Chemical Attacks Overview@{https://www.dhs.gov/xlibrary/assets/prep_chemical_fact_sheet.pdf} - \reading Specific Means of Aid@{https://sswm.info/arctic-wash/module-4-technology/further-resources-water-sources/water-source-protection} - \reading WHO Water Sanitation Guidelines@{https://www.who.int/water_sanitation_health/water-quality/guidelines/en/} -\info{Women's Education} Chinese Trade and Oil: \sitex China-Nigeria Trade at \$12.6 billion@{https://punchng.com/china-nigeria-bilateral-trade-hits-12-3bn/} @@ -151,12 +169,33 @@ Chinese Trade and Oil: Nuclear Nonproliferation \info{Nigeria is a non-nuclear state} \info{Nigeria is somewhat protected by its bilateral trade with China, a nuclear power} +\info{Further Reading:} + \reading Nuclear disarmament, arms control and nonproliferation (Stockholm Int'l Peace Research Institute)@{https://www.sipri.org/research/armament-and-disarmament/nuclear-disarmament-arms-control-and-non-proliferation} + \reading Paper: Promoting Nuclear Disarmament and Non-prolifer\-ation in Parallel@{https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-662-57366-2_31} + \reading Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (UNODA)@{https://www.un.org/disarmament/wmd/nuclear/npt/} -Government and Economics +Government and Legal -\site After Elections, Important Questions Remain for Nigeria's Democracy---Nigerian elections are rife with logistical and legal issues, damaging election credibility somewhat@{https://reliefweb.int/report/nigeria/after-elections-important-questions-remain-nigeria-s-democracy} +\site After Elections, Important Questions Remain for Nigerian Democracy---Nigerian elections are rife with logistical and legal issues, damaging election credibility somewhat@{https://reliefweb.int/report/nigeria/after-elections-important-questions-remain-nigeria-s-democracy} \reading General UN election governance and electoral assistance@{https://dppa.un.org/en/elections} \site 1.4\% of adults 15--49 are HIV positive in Nigeria---The HIV/AIDS epidemic is incumbent upon Nigeria's healthcare services@{https://nigeriahealthwatch.com/results-of-naiis-the-largest-hiv-survey-ever-done-are-in-nigeria-not-doing-as-badly-as-we-thought/#.XIxS7xNKhTZ} -\site US-Native American relations and UN rights for indigenous peoples---Nigeria mostly doesn't have this problem because the population is majority indigenous@{https://indianlaw.org/content/treaty-rights-and-un-declaration-rights-indigenous-peoples} +\site US-Native American relations and UN rights for indig\-enous peoples---Nigeria mostly doesn't have this problem because the population is majority indigenous@{https://indianlaw.org/content/treaty-rights-and-un-declaration-rights-indigenous-peoples} +\site Nigeria Regional Refugee Response Plan 2016---Nigeria has a refugee crisis with Cameroon@{http://reporting.unhcr.org/node/12587} +\site UNHCR guide to int'l refugee protection and state asylum---extremely long, so use Table of Contents liberally@{https://www.unhcr.org/en-us/publications/legal/3d4aba564/refugee-protection-guide-international-refugee-law-handbook-parliamentarians.html} + \reading Shorter overview of refugee definition@{https://www.unhcr.org/en-us/publications/brochures/3b779dfe2/protecting-refugees-questions-answers.html} + \detail{Asylum is not internationally defined, so there are no set international laws} + \detail{Refugees have a right to safe asylum} + \detail{Asylum-seekers become refugees when accepted by a country after the long, complicated process of seeking asylum due to well-founded fear} + +Economic Interests: +\info{Nigeria has significant bilateral trade with China and the United States---primarily exporting oil throughout the world} +\info{The newer Northern Sea Routes are extremely helpful in easing trade globally. Further Reading:} + \reading Paper: Economic Possibilities of Shipping through Northern Sea Route@{https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2092521214000601} + \reading Why the Northern Sea Route is Still of Limited Importance (The Arctic Institute)@{https://www.thearcticinstitute.org/northern-sea-route-limited-geo-economic-importance/} + \reading Paper: A Study on the Northern Sea Route and its Economic Feasibility@{https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/9b39/9a7f958db696f1440a9df497c92816df2a58.pdf} + \reading The Economist@{https://www.economist.com/the-economist-explains/2018/09/24/what-is-the-northern-sea-route} +\sitex Counterfeit Deterrence Measures@{https://www.nap.edu/read/2267/chapter/7} +\sitex Nigerian anti-counterfeiting measures@{https://www.worldtrademarkreview.com/anti-counterfeiting/procedures-and-strategies-anti-counterfeiting-nigeria-0} + \detail{Economic and Financial Crime Commission protects against fraud somewhat, but overall protection is weak} \bye |