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+Why did the founders choose federalism?
+- Anti-confederal: common problems (trade agreements, war, treaties)
+- Anti-unitary: Geographic size prevented national control of locals.
+- "Sectionalism"
+    - San Francisco, highly socially liberal
+    - Milton, FL, much more socially conservative
+    - National policies CANNOT address regional audiences.
+    - BUT national policies still need to exist
+- Federalism maintains the right power balance
+    - National can't overimpose on states
+
+American Federalism
+- National
+    - Enumerated (expressed) powers
+        - Coin money, declare war, etc
+    - Implied (more vague) powers
+        - "Necessary and proper", "Elastic clause"
+            - lets power of congress stretch based on power balance
+    - Inherent (basic) powers
+        - Treaties, wage war, expand territory
+- States
+    - Reserved powers
+        - 10th amendment delegates the remaining powers
+        - Congress, Supreme Court have specified this more precisely.
+- Other powers
+    - Concurrent powers: state and US share
+        - Taxes
+        - Criminal system
+    - Prohibited powers
+        - States cannot form standing army
+        - Federal cannot form interstate tariffs
+
+- Supremacy Clause (Article 6)
+    - Feds trump states
+- Vertical "checks and balances"
+- "All states are created equal"
+    - "Horizontal Federalism"