diff options
| -rw-r--r-- | Makefile | 16 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | quad.tex | 108 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | src/rationale.i | 2 |
3 files changed, 107 insertions, 19 deletions
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ PDFTEX = pdftex PY = python3 -PDF = report.pdf poster.pdf logbook.pdf report2.pdf poster2.pdf +PDF = report.pdf poster.pdf logbook.pdf report2.pdf poster2.pdf quad.pdf all: $(PDF) TABLE = gen/deathtable.i gen/deathtable2.i gen/table.i gen/pvals.i @@ -33,10 +33,12 @@ img/diagram.jpg img/2019-12-13-3.jpg img/c.jpg img/a.jpg img/code.png logbook.pdf: src/biblio.i src/hypo.i src/vars.i src/methods.i \ src/bullets.i -report2.pdf: src/abstr2.i src/intro2.i src/research2.i \ -src/methods2.i src/mats2.i src/analysis2.i src/conc2.i report2/graphs.i\ -report2/tables.i report2/pics.i imgs graph/depth_width.png \ -graph/nearest_neighbor.png +report2.pdf: src/abstr2.i src/intro2.i src/research2.i src/rationale.i \ +src/mats2.i src/methods2.i src/analysis2.i src/conc2.i report2/graphs.i\ +report2/tables.i report2/pics.i imgs graph/lineplot.png \ +graph/boxplot.png src/biblio.i img/obstacle-large.rot.jpg \ +img/2019-10-18-1.jpg img/Overhead-with-obstacle.rot.jpg \ +img/corner-settle.rot.jpg img/fake-pits.rot.jpg img/code.png poster2.pdf: src/hypo2.i src/abstr2.i poster2/img1.i poster2/img2.i \ poster2/img3.i poster2/img4.i poster2/img5.i poster2/results.i src/research2.i \ @@ -50,14 +52,14 @@ report.pdf logbook.pdf: img/2019-10-30-1.jpg img/2019-11-21-1.jpg \ img/2019-11-21-2.jpg img/2019-11-21-3.jpg img/2019-12-02-1.jpg src/conc.i \ img/2019-12-13-1.jpg img/rot fmt/doc.h report/tables.i -poster2.pdf: imgs - report.pdf poster.pdf logbook.pdf: fmt/font.h src/mats.i \ img/2019-12-02-2.jpg img/2019-10-18-2.jpg img/2019-10-18-1.jpg \ img/2019-11-21-4.jpg img/2019-12-13-2.jpg report2.pdf: fmt/doc.h +quad.pdf: src/rationale.i src/hypo2.i + $(PDF): $(TABLE) fmt/com.h fmt/font.h imgs graph/made tables.i imgs: py/data.py py/data2.py py/img.py @@ -1,5 +1,13 @@ \input fmt/com.h \input fmt/font.h +\input tables.i + +\definecolor{page}{rgb}{.87,.95,.85} +\definecolor{text}{rgb}{0,0,0} +\definecolor{trim}{rgb}{0,0,.50} + +\pagecolor{page} +\color{text} \nopagenumbers @@ -27,38 +35,49 @@ %calculate textheight \textheight=\vsize \advance\textheight by -\titlesize +\advance\textheight by -5pt \divide\textheight by 2 -\thespacing=100 +\spacing=100 + +\parskip=0pt \font\title=cmr10 at 18pt \font\text=cmr10 at 13pt \font\bold=cmb10 at 13pt +\font\cap=cmr10 at 8.5pt \text \adjs \let\bf\bold -\hsize=6in +\hsize=6.3in \def\pic#1#2{\pdfximage width #1{#2}\pdfrefximage\pdflastximage} +\def\picturetop#1#2#3{\vtop{\pic{#3}{#1}\hsize=#3\caption{#2}}} -\def\tabrule{\noalign{\hrule}} +\def\tabrule{\noalign{{\color{trim}\hrule}}} \def\centering{\leftskip0pt plus 1fil\rightskip\leftskip \parindent0pt\parfillskip0pt} -\def\li{\par\pre{$\bullet$}} - -\halign to \fullhsize{\tabskip0pt plus 1fil\vrule#&\vtop to -\textheight{#}&\vrule#&\vtop to \textheight{#}&\vrule#\tabskip0pt\cr\tabrule +\newcount\ct\ct=0 +\def\li{\global\advance\ct by 1\par\pre{\number\ct.}} +\newcount\cct\cct=0 +\def\alph{\ifcase\cct\or a\or b\or c\fi} +\def\lli{\global\advance\cct by 1\par\pre{\alph.}} + +\halign to \fullhsize{\tabskip0pt plus 1fil{\color{trim}\vrule}#&\vtop to +\textheight{#}&{\color{trim}\vrule}#&\vtop to +\textheight{#}&{\color{trim}\vrule}#\tabskip0pt\cr\tabrule &\multispan{3}\hfil\vbox to \titlesize{\hsize=2\hsize\centering\vfil {\title Antlion Herding Patterns with Interrupted Communication Pathways} \vfil Holden Rohrer and Radeen Abree, Centennial High School, Roswell, - Nigeria. + Georgia, US. \vfil}\hfil&\cr\tabrule &%#1 + \vskip1pt \vbox to 0pt{\pic{1.5in}{img/2019-10-18-1.jpg}\vss} \hangindent=1.55in\hangafter=-1\parindent0pt \noindent{\bf Rationale:}\par @@ -68,10 +87,77 @@ \input src/hypo2.i &&%#3 - textthre teoauhontahue atohue toahue thueoa toue hauo teh uoath - teoauh hu tohuethue hue tu tueteueth ettue teute tete t et te te - tete tet e te tete tee&\cr\tabrule + \cap + \def\wid{1.9in} + \vfil + \line{\hfil\vbox{\picturetop{graph/boxplot.png}{This boxplot + illustrates the nearest neighbor metric on different trial sizes and + interventions. The artificial pits trials showed the largest impact + on the metric, indicating antlions choose settlement based on + surrounding pits.}{\wid}}\hfil +\hbox{\picturetop{imgs/obstacles-24x24.png}{Voronoi diagrams show +territory that is nearest to a given pit. Blue dots represent pits, and +colored shapes represent obstructions.}{\wid}}\hfil + \hbox{\picturetop{imgs/trails-24x24.png}{Trail erasure did not + interrupt, and may have reinforced, the regularized pattern + antlions make. Food-catching regions are well-distributed + between pits in all trials.}{\wid}\hfil}}% + \vfil + \line{\hfil\stats{Pit depths and widths remained fairly constant + between trials. The nearest-neighbor metric also remained constant, + but only within trial sizes. This indicates antlions respond to + their environmental restrictions.}\hfil}% + \vfil + &\cr\tabrule &%#2 + \smallskip + \advance\ct by 1\pre{\number\ct.} 24 16oz deli containers were acquired and 1 antlion was placed in each + \li The sand (100lbs) was uniformly spread into a $24"\times24"$ plastic container + \li Marks were made on the box so the pits’ locations could be observed. + \li Each trial was started by introducing a constant number of antlions, at the same time + \li After the first and second days of each two-day trial, the coordinate locations, diameters, and depths of each antlion pit were recorded for analysis. + \li After each trial, all living antlions were restored to their pits and dead antlions disposed of. + \li Further trials repeated these same protocols except with space + restrictions of $24"\times24"$ and $12"\times12"$ and three + disruption methods: + + \leftskip.3in + \lli ``Trail erasure'' included brushing away old trails in the + sand that antlions have dugout, in an effort to determine if the + antlions are reliant upon the presence of trials or pheromones + when distributing. + \lli ``Fake pits'' were introduced to mimic an antlion pit, in + order to determine if antlions were dependent on the presence of + surrounding pits. + \lli ``Artificial obstacles'' included the introduction of rocks + to determine if antlions are aware of the shape of their + settlement region and use that to organize the group. + \smallskip &&%#4 + \smallskip +This experiment investigated how antlions make individual settlement +choices, and how those choices create group patterns. +Environmental factors, in terms of other pits, trails, and environment +shape were investigated. +Antlion larvae were shown to regularly, rather than randomly, distribute +themselves, indicating they avoid other pits and respond to +environmental structure. +As also observed in the previous study, antlions use behaviors like +this, cannibalism, and reclusivity as mechanisms to limit intra-species +competition. +These behaviors increase species fitness and therefore are an +evolutionary advantage. +Avoidance mechanisms can be extended to the analysis of other animals +and engineering applications. +Bottom-up organization often relies on a hierarchical image of its +members, like a hexagonal or rectangular grid, but individuals don't +require strict communication pathways for efficient, semi-regular +distributions such as an antlion's. +The distribution patterns of the antlions can also be expanded to +understand similar organisms, such as termites, ant, bees, and wasps, as +these animals also distribute as groups. +Similar behaviors may be used to draw conclusions regarding the +evolutionary history of these organisms. +\smallskip &\cr\tabrule} \bye diff --git a/src/rationale.i b/src/rationale.i index 1689537..4bd979c 100644 --- a/src/rationale.i +++ b/src/rationale.i @@ -6,4 +6,4 @@ hardware cannot harness the energy required for complex computers, and these algorithms can be designed to mimic the response-observation loop of antlions. The distribution behavior of antlions also compares to other organisms, -which will illuminate evolutionary genealogical study. +which will illuminate genealogical study. |